Lecture 29: Pelvic Viscera Flashcards
Describe the ureter.
Retroperitoneal structure
- from kidney to bladder
- has valves to prevent retro flow of urine
What makes up the trigone?
Floor of bladder:
- 1 internal urethral orifice
- 2 ureteric orifices
Where is the vesicouterine pouch found?
Between bladder and uterus
What are the four parts of the male urethra?
1) Intramural portion of bladder: internal urethral sphincter
2) Prostatic urethra
3) Membranous urethra: external urethral sphincter
4) Spongy/penile urethra
Where is the external urethral orifice found?
Vestibule of vagina anterior to vaginal orifice
In females, what glands are located on either side of the urethra?
Paraurethral glands
-homologous to prostate gland
The vas deferens and seminal vesicles form what?
Ejaculatory duct
Where do ejaculatory ducts open?
Seminal colliculus
What is bening prostatic hyperplasia?
Narrowing of prostatic urethra
-enlarged prostate
Where are bulbourethral glands located?
Male urogenital diaphragm
-can pentetrate bulb of penis
What are the three flexures of the rectum?
- Superior
- Intermediate
- Inferior
Where does the rectum being?
S3
-80 deg posterior-inferior flexure
In the rectume, what does the peritoneum cover?
- Upper ⅓ anterior and lateral surfaces
- Middle ⅓ anterior surface only
What is the purpose of the pararectal fossae?
To expand as it fills with feces
Where is the vagina located?
- Posterior to bladder and urethra
- Anterior to rectum
- Inferior to uterus
Where is the vaginal orifice located?
Between labia minora
-posterior to urethra
What are the three layers of tissue in the uterus?
- Endometrium
- Myometrium
- Perimetrium
What does the round ligament do?
Maintains anterior part of uterus
What does the uterosacral ligament do?
Supports structures that typically keep the cervix and uterus in the pelvis - posterior
What does the broad ligament do?
Extends from side of uterus to lateral pelvic wall and floor of pelvis
What composes the broad ligament?
Mesometrium: attached to uterus
Mesosalpinx: attached to uterine tube
Mesovarium: attached to ovary
What does the uterine ligament connect?
Sacrum to uterine body
What structures are anesthetized during epidural anesthesia?
Below pain line:
- distal rectum
- anal canal
- uterine cervix
- vagina
- bladder
