Lecture 4 - Conditions of the Ankle Flashcards
Tendon Subluxation MOI?
Impact below a malleolus when tendons are tight.
Shallow grooves
What structures are affected with tendon subluxation?
-Tom/Dick/Harry, Peroneals
Signs and symtoms of tendon subluxation:
-Pain w/ contraction
-Tendon displaced
-Swelling/tenderness
-Sensation of tendon
slipping/snapping
Treatment fir tendon subluxation
- reduce tendon
- may need surgical intervention to repair retinaculum
- PIER
MOI of high ankle sprain
Forceful dorsi flexion, may be associated with severe inv/ev ankle sprains
What structures are affected in a high ankle sprain ?
what sport are these sprains commonly seen in ?
Ant/post talo-fibular lig
hockey
Signs and symptoms of a high ankle sprain:
- swelling
- pain with dorsi flexion
- persistent for many weeks
- discolouration above malleoli
- point tenderness
Treatment for high ankle sprain
- non weight bearing 5-7 days
- as per ankle sprains
- rule out fracture
- support inferior talo-fibular joint with tape to prevent splaying
MOI for medial ankle sprain
Eversion (forceful) ‘rolling’ the ankle out, coupled w/ dorsi flxn.
Landing from a height
what structures are affected with a medial ankle sprain ?
Deltoid ligament
What sprains are most common?
Inversion
Signs and symptoms for a medial ankle sprain?
- instability ( grade dependent)
- pain with enversion
- swelling
- discolouration
Treatment for a medial ankle sprain?
- stabilize in neutral
- PEIR
- rule out fracture
- treat swelling ( after inflamm)
- strengthen muscles
MOI of lateral ankle sprain:
Inversion (forceful) rolling of the ankle with is often coupled with plantar flxn
- Cutting on uneven ground, or landing on someone
What structures are affected with a lateral ankle sprain:
the cfl, atfl, and the ptfl
The signs and symptoms for a lateral ankle sprain:
Instability ( grade dependent)
- Pain with inversion
- swelling
- discolouration
- positive anterior drawer test
- pain on fibular head
treatment for a lateral ankle sprain:
- stabilize in neutral
- peir
- rule out fracture
- treat swelling ( after inflamm)
- strengthen muscles
treatment for a lateral ankle sprain:
- stabilize in neutral
- peir
- rule out fracture
- treat swelling ( after inflamm)
- strengthen muscles
what are the tom/dick/ harry muscles called
- tibialis posterior
- flexor digitorum longus
- flexor hallucis longus
What joint is the ankle made up of
talo-crual joint and the sub-talar joint
The four parts of deltoid ligament
- Posterior Tibiotalar
- Tibiocalaneal
- Tibionavicular
- Anterior tibiotalar
The lateral aspect of the ankle is protected by what ligaments?
- Lateral collateral ligaments
What are the lateral ligaments? And what kind of stability do they provide?
- Posterior talo-fibular
-Calcaneal- fibular
Anterior talofibular - Lateral stability
The high ankle is protected by ___ and ____ ligaments
short and strong
High ankle ligaments:
- Anterior tibio-fibular
- Posterior tibio-fibular
- interosseous membrane
The anterior compartment houses 4 primary muscles:
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Peroneal (fibularis) Tertius
The lateral compartment houses two muscles:
Peroneal Longus
Peroneal Brevis
The posterior compartment houses 7 primary muscles :
Superficial posterior compartment:
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
The posterior compartment houses 7 primary muscles: Deep Posterior Compartment
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longues
Popliteus
