Lecture 4 (Ch. 10 Visual Imagery) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is mental imagery and visual imagery?

A

Mental imagery: Sensory Impression in absence of sensory input
Visual imagery: “seeing” in the absence of a visual stimulus

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2
Q

What is the imagery debate?

A

The use of different codes to solve problems involving imagery.
Analog - spatial mechanisms (Kosslyn) vs. Propositional - related to language (Pylyshyn)

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3
Q

How are imagery and perception different?

Give 2 examples.

A

Imagery is necessarily top-down and perception bottom-up.
Also, some people can see very well (perception) but can’t imagine things well at all (imagery).

Example 1: C.K –> cannot visually recognize objects (perception) but when asked to imagine and then draw an object he was fine. double dissociation with R.M –> can recognize objects and draw them, but when asked to draw from memory couldn’t do it.

Example 2: In neuroimaging - occipital regions activated only when perceiving an object. But frontal regions were active in both perceiving AND imagining.

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4
Q

Give 2 examples how are imagery and perception the same?

A

Example 1: Single neurons that were recorded while perceiving a baseball also fired when person was imagining a baseball.

Example 2: People with prosopagnosia have difficulty in both perceiving faces and imagining faces.

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5
Q

Define the conceptual peg hypothesis.

A

Concrete nouns create images that other words can hang onto.

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6
Q

What are mental scanning tasks?

A

Subjects create mental images and then scan them in their minds.

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7
Q

What is the importance of the “where” pathway in the brain?

A
  • Location and spatial relations - in parietal lobe

- Important for thinking and reasoning - STEM (science, technology, engineering, math)

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8
Q

What are the three components of spatial cognition?

A
  • Location and position in spatial array (where)
  • Construction of cognitive map
  • Memory of changes within the spatial environment (Map)
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9
Q

What is the mental walk task?

A

People imagined they were walking towards an animal until it filled their visual field - the bigger the animal the less they walked; the smaller the animal the closer they got to it. This shows that perception and imagery are both spatial as Kosslyn said.

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