lecture 4- cell membranes

Question 1

cells need to … to survive

Answer 1

•grow •reproduce •respond to outside stimuli and movement

Question 2

purpose of a membrane

Answer 2

to separate the cellular content from the environment

Question 3

amphipathic

Answer 3

2 parts hydrophilic an polar glycerol head and hydrophobic and no polar fatty acid tail

Question 4

non polar tails

Answer 4

long chain fatty acid attached to a polar head

Question 5

how to increase membrane fluidity

Answer 5

increase unsaturated fatty acids - because the linkage isn’t as tightly packed •or increase the temp

Question 6

glycerophospholipids

Answer 6

backbone glycerol-3- phosphate

Question 7

fatty acyl group

Answer 7

combination of a carboxyl carbon and its hydrocarbon tail in a lipid

Question 8

saturated

Answer 8

non double bonds •only single bond

Question 9

phosphate group of phosphitidate

Answer 9

becomes esterified to the oh group

Question 10

reminder

Answer 10

know how to draw glycerophospholipids

Question 11

4 common glycerophospholipids

Answer 11

1. phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) PC
2. phosphatidyethanola-mine (PE)
3. phosphatidyerie (PS)
4. Phospatidylinositol (PI)

Question 12

sphingolipids-

Answer 12

•2nd group of lipids in membranes backbone- sphingosine- a long chain alcohol •single lipid •amnesias group nh3+ •C1 hydroxyl group - attached to polar head

Question 13

3 types of sphgolipids

Answer 13

1. sphingomylins- contains phospate

2 and 3 cerobrosides and ganglioside - contains carbohydrate residue

Question 14

cholesterol

Answer 14

•lipid that contains sugar •heart attacks or stroke

Question 15

tay says disease

Answer 15

enzymes involved Hexosaminiidase A absent •ganglioside builds up in brain destroys nerves •red spot in retina - dead before 3 •unable to swallow, breath and paralysed

Question 16

lysosomes

Answer 16

transport water - polar cavity - drug delivery through skin