lecture 4 active transport processes

Question 1

Classification of transporters

Answer 1

1- channels
2- carriers: primary active
secondary acitive: symporter og antiporter

Question 2

Na K -atpase which type of atpases?

Answer 2

P-type

Question 3

what does dephosphorylation and phosphorylation in Na+ K+ favor? and which conformation is favored in each case?

Answer 3

dephosphorylation favors 2K+ entering the cell
phosphorylation favors 3Na+ leaving the cell.
enzI,
P-enzII

Question 4

….Type Ca2+ Pumps Maintain a Low Concentration

of Calcium in the cytosol? which states correspond to Ca-bound and free?

Answer 4

P-, Cytosol
E1 bound
E2 -free

Question 5

which amino acid is phosphorylatd in p-type class pumps

Answer 5

aspartate

Question 6

V-class and pump how many protons?

Answer 6

2

Question 7

What disease is caused by the failure of LDL receptor

Answer 7

Hypercholesterolemia FH resulting in atherosclerosis

Question 8

what do endosomes do?

Answer 8

separate lipids from their receptors

Question 9

What pH do late endosome and early endosome have?

Answer 9

4,5

6,5

Question 10

F-type proton ATPases are … in terms of ATP synthesis?

Answer 10

Reversible

Question 11

what do ABC transporters use to drive the active transport of some substrates?

Answer 11

ATP

Question 12

what type of transporter is lactose transporter

Answer 12

secondary active transporter (symporter)

Uses an electrochemical gradient of an H+ to drive the active transport of lactose

Question 13

What do RND permeases use and why do they do that?

Answer 13

H+ gradient

and they do that to export hydrophobic molecules

Question 14

what enzymes are used to transport cholesterol out of lysosomes

Answer 14

RND-permeases

Question 15

what gradient and its membran potential difference is used to drive the active transport of nutrients into cells?

Answer 15

Na+ ions like Na+/glucose transporter