Lecture 4 Flashcards
“שתיקה כהודאה דמיא”
What connection is there between silence and agreeing
Managers sometimes prefer to avoid decisions.
Why?
– Managers don’t know exactly how much time, effort
and resources are involved in a particular course of
action and they are unwilling to commit
– Managers are afraid of poor decisions (that may
affect them personally)
– It is convenient to busy oneself with minor issues and
use this as a guise for avoiding the more substantial
issues
Planned decisions
Problem: Frequent, recurring, cause and effect certainty Procedure: Defined policy, rules, regulations
Unplanned decisions
Problem: New, unstructured, uncertainty regarding cause and effect Procedure: Requires creativity, intuition, analytical abilities
Steps to decision making
Identify and define problem I.D. & define decision criteria Attribute weights to criteria Generate options Evaluate options Implement decision Evaluate decision
How to: Identify and define problem
– Comparing past and present performance
– Comparing your firm to others
– Comparing current performance to planned
future performance
How to:
I.D. & define decision criteria
Attribute weights to criteria
– Survey literature, databases, employees,
customers and other stakeholders
– Next, use absolute comparisons, relative
comparisons, scale out of 100% or some
other system to attribute weights
How to:
Generate options
Evaluate options
– Consider all options
– In this step, we must consider the inclusionary
or exclusionary rules
– Next, calculate the value of the option
How to:
Implement decision
Evaluate decision
– Implement decision
– Next, monitor the implementation of the
decision and the resulting performance
Decision Example: People factors (PF)
– Worker general knowledge skills; worker language skills; worker cultural
awareness; project management people skills (5)
Decision Example: Technical infrastructure (TI)
– Telecommunications infrastructure; up to date PCs, HW/SW; worker technical
skills; SW project management; SW control processes (5) Client interface (CI)
– Client knowledgeable; trust; client language skills; problem resolution process;
time differences; client outsourcer travel (6)
Decision Example: Client interface (CI)
– Client knowledgeable; trust; client language skills; problem resolution process;
time differences; client outsourcer travel (6)
Decision Example: Business infrastructure (BI)
– Business plan; business organization; business process; cost/cash control
process; advertising; client contact methods; payment processes; legal
representation (8)
Decision Example: Regulatory interface (RI)
– Intellectual property protection; tax laws; banking/wire transfer laws; customs/
import/export laws; exchange rules/rates; travel/visa restrictions; telecom
regulations (7)
Decision Examples
(PF), (TI), (CI), (BI), (RI)
