Lecture 10 Flashcards
Human Resource Management
- Legal Aspects
- Recruiting
- Selection
- Training
- Appraising
- Compensation
- Separation
- Labor Relations
Equal Pay Act of 1963
Prohibits unequal pay for males and females doing similar work
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibits discrimination on basis of race, color, religion, gender, origin
Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
Prohibits discrimination against persons age 40 and over
Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978
Prohibits discrimination in employment against pregnant women
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Prohibits discrimination on the basis of physical or mental disabilities
Civil Rights Act of 1991
Strengthened the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Family & Medical Leave Act of 1993
Permits workers to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for pregnancy, etc
National Labor Relations Board
Guarantee employees the right to form and join unions
Occupational Safety and Health Act
Requires employers provide a safe workplace for employees
Legal Issues: Discrimination
Bona Fide Occupational Qualification (BFOQ)- a
trait employers may consider in evaluating
candidates for a job that would ordinarily be
considered discriminatory. Must be stated in job
posting.
Adverse Impact
substantially different rate of selection in hiring, promotion, or other employment decision which works to the disadvantage of members of a race, sex, or ethnic group Chicago firefighters
• Attracting the right people to apply for the job
– Job description
• What is the involved in the job?
– Job qualifications
• What skills and background must the applicant have?
advantages and disadvantages of hiring internally ?
- Advertising cost
- Initial weeding-out
- Opportunities for advancement in the organization
- Ripple effect
- Candidate pool size
- New ideas, direction, spirit
- Other?
Selection
Applications forms (generally computerized) and résumés
– References
– Interviews (structured, semi-structured, unstructured)
• Telephone
• In-person
– Paper & pencil (or computerized) tests (intelligence, honesty,
integrity, etc.)
– Drug tests, polygraph
– Performance tests, work sample tests, group dynamics
• Tests may be performed in
-house or by outsourced
HR services
Reliability and validity
– Reliability - consistency of test scores over time and across alternative measures (consistency) – Validity - the degree to which tests results correlate with job performance (relevance)
Training
Development
- developing skills of
employees. Examples include:
– Orientation training
– Team training
– Diversity training
-Teaching managers and professionals broader skills needed in the present and future – May take the form of advanced university degree
Appraising
Objective and subject
• Who does the appraising?
– Managers – 360° appraisal (boss, subordinates, peers, others) – Advantages and disadvantages?
• Appraisal pitfalls:
recency error, halo error, etc.
Determining the pay and benefits
– Pay • Wages • Variable pay (piecework, commissions) • Profit sharing • Stock options – Benefits • Social security, unemployment, worker’s comp. • Vacation • Health insurance
Separation
Firing- when the organization force the
individual out
• Downsizing- when an organization reduces
the size of the workforce, independent of the
performance of the individual
• Quitting- when an individual leaves of his own
free will
• Mandatory retirement is legal in most work
places in Israel at age 67)
Labor Relations
Relations between management and the
workers
• Unionization- when workers organize and have
their collective interests represented by a
“union”
• Collective bargaining- when conditions are
negotiated on behalf of the employees as a
whole, rather than individual employees
Conflict resolution may use of a neutral party
to resolve labor disputes
– Mediation
– Arbitration
– Pendulum (AKA Baseball) arbitration
Strikes may be legal or illegal (wildcat strike) – Sick-out (or sick-in) – Slow-down – Sit-down strike – Sympathy strike – General strike
- Employees call in sick
- Employees come to work on time, but work slowly, “by the book”.
- Employees show up to their place of employment, but they refuse to work
– When different unions band together to support a striking union - All or most unions in a region or country go on strike together, regardless of union affiliation.
