Lecture 10

Question 1

Human Resource Management

Answer 1

• Legal Aspects
• Recruiting
• Selection
• Training
• Appraising
• Compensation
• Separation
• Labor Relations

Question 2

Equal Pay Act of 1963

Answer 2

Prohibits unequal pay for males and females doing similar work

Question 3

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Answer 3

Prohibits discrimination on basis of race, color, religion, gender, origin

Question 4

Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

Answer 4

Prohibits discrimination against persons age 40 and over

Question 5

Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978

Answer 5

Prohibits discrimination in employment against pregnant women

Question 6

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Answer 6

Prohibits discrimination on the basis of physical or mental disabilities

Question 7

Civil Rights Act of 1991

Answer 7

Strengthened the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 8

Family & Medical Leave Act of 1993

Answer 8

Permits workers to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for pregnancy, etc

Question 9

National Labor Relations Board

Answer 9

Guarantee employees the right to form and join unions

Question 10

Occupational Safety and Health Act

Answer 10

Requires employers provide a safe workplace for employees

Question 11

Legal Issues: Discrimination

Answer 11

Bona Fide Occupational Qualification (BFOQ)- a
trait employers may consider in evaluating
candidates for a job that would ordinarily be
considered discriminatory. Must be stated in job
posting.

Question 12

Adverse Impact

Answer 12

substantially different rate of selection in hiring, promotion, or other employment decision which works to the disadvantage of members of a race, sex, or ethnic group Chicago firefighters

Question 13

• Attracting the right people to apply for the job

Answer 13

– Job description
• What is the involved in the job?
– Job qualifications
• What skills and background must the applicant have?

Question 14

advantages and disadvantages of hiring internally ?

Answer 14

• Advertising cost
• Initial weeding-out
• Opportunities for advancement in the organization
• Ripple effect
• Candidate pool size
• New ideas, direction, spirit
• Other?

Question 15

Selection

Answer 15

Applications forms (generally computerized) and résumés
– References
– Interviews (structured, semi-structured, unstructured)
• Telephone
• In-person
– Paper & pencil (or computerized) tests (intelligence, honesty,
integrity, etc.)
– Drug tests, polygraph
– Performance tests, work sample tests, group dynamics
• Tests may be performed in
-house or by outsourced
HR services

Question 16

Reliability and validity

Answer 16

– Reliability
- consistency of test scores over
time and across alternative measures
(consistency)
– Validity
- the degree to which tests results
correlate with job performance (relevance)

Question 17

Training

Development

Answer 17

• developing skills of
  employees. Examples include:
  – Orientation training
  – Team training
  – Diversity training

 -Teaching managers and
professionals broader skills needed in
the present and future
– May take the form of advanced university
degree

Question 18

Appraising

Answer 18

Objective and subject

Question 19

• Who does the appraising?

Answer 19

– Managers
– 360° appraisal (boss,
subordinates, peers, others)
– Advantages and
disadvantages?

Question 20

• Appraisal pitfalls:

Answer 20

recency error, halo error, etc.

Question 21

Determining the pay and benefits

Answer 21

– Pay
• Wages
• Variable pay (piecework,
commissions)
• Profit sharing
• Stock options
– Benefits
• Social security, unemployment,
worker’s comp.
• Vacation
• Health insurance

Question 22

Separation

Answer 22

Firing- when the organization force the
individual out
• Downsizing- when an organization reduces
the size of the workforce, independent of the
performance of the individual
• Quitting- when an individual leaves of his own
free will
• Mandatory retirement is legal in most work
places in Israel at age 67)

Question 23

Labor Relations

Answer 23

Relations between management and the
workers
• Unionization- when workers organize and have
their collective interests represented by a
“union”
• Collective bargaining- when conditions are
negotiated on behalf of the employees as a
whole, rather than individual employees

Question 24

Conflict resolution may use of a neutral party

to resolve labor disputes

Answer 24

– Mediation
– Arbitration
– Pendulum (AKA Baseball) arbitration

Question 25

Strikes may be legal or illegal (wildcat strike)
– Sick-out (or sick-in) 
– Slow-down 
– Sit-down strike 
– Sympathy strike 
– General strike

Answer 25

• Employees call in sick
• Employees come to work on time, but work slowly, “by the book”.
• Employees show up to their place of employment, but they refuse to work
  – When different unions band together to support a striking union
• All or most unions in a region or country go on strike together, regardless of union affiliation.