Lecture 4 Flashcards
do convergent thinking problems have known solutions
yes
what intelligence does convergent thinking problems require?
fluid and crystallised intelligence
do divergent thinking problems have known solutions?
no
what kind of thinking does divergent thinking problems require?
thinking outside the box
what kind of problem is this (divergent or convergent)?
roommate snores very loudly
divergent thinking problem
what are the three strategies to solve problems?
Algorithms
Insight
Thinking outside the box
Step-by-step formulas or procedures to solve a problem
algorithims
A tendency to use problem solving strategies that have worked in the past, even if better solutions are available
mental set
Sudden solutions that come to the mind in a flash
eureka insight or insight solutions
breaking free of self-imposed conceptual constraints and think about a problem differently in order to solve it
thinking outside the box
Inability to break out of a mind-set in order to think or view a problem from a new perspective
fixation
Tendency to be blind to unusual uses of everyday objects or procedures
functional fixedness
thought or behaviour that is both novel-original, useful or adaptive
creativity
a collection of words that are mixed in sentences with no real meaning
word salad
what are the characteristics high energy and intuitiveness associated with?
generation of novel ideas; creativity
the three consistent findings on creativity and the brain
1) Creative insight increases frontal lobe activity
2) Insights are processed more strongly in the right hemisphere than the left
3) Creative people solving creative problems show more balanced activity between their right and left frontal lobes
creativity increases _____ lobe activity
frontal
frontal lobes are active in what?
abstract reasoning, planning, focused work, memory, integration of sensory input
What machines and activities can be involved when measuring creativity?
brain scanners, EEG machines
while doing problems
a display shows participants three words at once; the participant must come up with a single word that could be used with all three words by creating a compound word or modifying one of the displayed words in a way
remote word association
What helps creative people have a widening of attention and greater flexibility when switching ways of thinking?
balanced activity in while working on problems
What lobe is not as active when solving problems in non-creative people
right frontal lobe
______ occurs when we see the solution in our “mind’s eye”
visual imagery
how do psychologists test creativity with mental images people think of
Psychologists will display shapes, letter, ect and ask participants to organize them in a creative way
what are the 3 creative cognitive processes
The 3 creative cognitive processes
1) Ideational fluency
2) Flexibility of thought
3) Originality
What is the alternative uses test?
tests all 3 creative processes test we did in class with pencil
how does the alternative uses test test ideational fluency?
asks you to come up with as many alternative uses for an object as you can in short period of time
how does the alternative uses test test flexibility of though?
sees how many different categories your responses fit into
how does the alternative uses test test originality?
compares a persons responses to responses of many many people who did it before. A response that was rare with the population who have previously done the test means the response is considered original
who has the worlds highest IQ? Are they considered a genius?
Marilyn vos Savant
not considered a genius because she has made no notable impact in her field. She is a writer for parade magazine
high intelligence combined with creative accomplishments that have a tremendous impact in a given field
genius
Why would some people might not consider Charles Darwin as a genius?
he has a moderately high IQ but not genius like IQ
However, he has impacted the fields of biology and science the same as any other genius has impacted their fields. By this standard he is considered a genius
Is IQ and creativity strongly correlated?
No, 0.17 correlation
a point where the relationship changes
a threshold
More in the past (50s/60s): what as the threshold?
IQ of 120
More in the past (50s/60s): What was the correlation below the threshold?
intelligence and creativity were positively correlated
More in the past (50s/60s): What was the correlation above the threshold?
there was no clear pattern in relationship between intelligence and creativity
More recently: What is the threshold?
Depends on the component of creativity looked at
more recently: What is threshold when considering fluency of creativity?
IQ of85
more recently: What is threshold when considering originality of creativity?
IQ of 120
more recently: What is the threshold when considering creative achievement of creativity?
No threshold
