lecture 4

Question 1

vancomycin spectrum

Answer 1

gram positive aerobes

Question 2

does vancomycin have gram negative activity?

Answer 2

no, too large to cross outer membrane

Question 3

what is second line for C. diff?

Answer 3

vanco

Question 4

mechanism of vanco?

Answer 4

inhibits glycoprotein cell wall synthesis.

Question 5

vance: static/cidal

T dep or C dep?

Answer 5

cidal, TD

Question 6

PK or vanco

Answer 6

poorly absorbed ( use PO for c.diff). monitor trough levels

Question 7

mechanism of macrolides

Answer 7

reversibly binds 50s ribosomal subunit

Question 8

spectrum of macrolides

Answer 8

gram positive, narrow gram negative and atypicals

Question 9

is macrocodes static/cidal

Answer 9

static

Question 10

elimination of azithromycin through what?

Answer 10

bile, minimal renal excretion

Question 11

should be worried about what with azithromycin

Answer 11

drug interactions, CYP3A4 inhibitor

Question 12

mechanism of clindamycin?

Answer 12

binds to 50S ribosomal subunit

Question 13

spectrum of clinda?

Answer 13

gram positive aerobes broad and anaerobes broad

Question 14

is clindamycin time dep or concentration dep?

Answer 14

time

Question 15

PK or clindamycin

Answer 15

good oral absorption, liver metabolism, excreted in bile and urine

Question 16

AE of clinda

Answer 16

metallic taste and C.diff

Question 17

mechanism of aminoglycosides

Answer 17

irreversibly binds 30s ribosomal subunit causing misreading

Question 18

aminoglycosides:
static/cidal
Conc dep or time dep?

Answer 18

cidal, concentration

Question 19

ahminoglycosides requires routine what?

Answer 19

monitoring of serum levels for efficacy and toxicity

Question 20

spectrum of aminoglycosides

Answer 20

synergy with gram positive organisms, broad gram negative activtiy

Question 21

which antibiotic distributes only into extracellular space?

Answer 21

ahminoglycosides

Question 22

mechanism of tetracylines

Answer 22

Reversibly binds 30S ribosomal subunit,

Question 23

tetracycline:
cidal/static
time dep or conc cep

Answer 23

static, time

Question 24

what can be used for lyme disease?

Answer 24

tetracycline

Question 25

spectrum for tetra ?

Answer 25

positives, negatives, anaerobes

Question 26

tetracylines have high concentrations where?

Answer 26

GI

Question 27

tetra can cause decreased absorption when administered with what?

Answer 27

ca, mg, fe dairy products and antacids

Question 28

quinolones mechanism

Answer 28

inhibits topoisomerases

Question 29

quinolones:
cidal/static
t dep or conc dep?

Answer 29

tidal, conc

Question 30

what is the most powerful antibiotics you can use?

Answer 30

quinolones

Question 31

ciproflaxin is an example of what?

Answer 31

quinolone

Question 32

ciproflaxin increases levels of what

Answer 32

corticosteroids and warfarin

Question 33

what is the first line for c. diff?

Answer 33

metronidazole

Question 34

metronidazole:
cidal/static
conc dep or t dep

Answer 34

tidal, conc

Question 35

metronidazole causes what?

Answer 35

metallic taste

Question 36

mechanism of metronidazole?

Answer 36

Enters cell and reduced to cytotoxic product, damages DNA, RNA and proteins