lecture 1

Question 1

antiviral agents divided into 3 groups?

Answer 1

virucides, antivirals and immunomodulators

Question 2

orthomyxoviridiea is what time of virus?

Answer 2

• RNA, influenza

Question 3

what mediates viral entry into call for orthomyxoviridae?

Answer 3

hemagglutinin binding sialic receptors on target cells

Question 4

what does neuraminidase do?

Answer 4

cleaves silica acid on cell surface allowing viral release

Question 5

amantadine and rimantadine do what?

Answer 5

block uncoating/entry

Question 6

zanamivir and oseltamivir are what?

Answer 6

neuraminidase inhibitors

Question 7

MOA of oseltamivir

Answer 7

competitive inhibitor of neuraminidase. binds to active site of NA enzyme.

Question 8

oseltamivir has activity against which influenza’s?

Answer 8

A and B

Question 9

main side effect of tamiflu?

Answer 9

GI, can be avoided when taking with food

Question 10

HBV is what kind of virus?

Answer 10

double stranded DNA

Question 11

HBV replication targeted by what?

Answer 11

nucleoside and nucleotide analogues

Question 12

entacavir is a ___________ nucleoside analogue, inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA synthesis by inhibiting HBV ____________

Answer 12

guanosine,polymerase

Question 13

entecavir serious AE?

Answer 13

endocrine metabolic lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly and recurrent hepatitis

Question 14

what kind of virus is HCV?

Answer 14

+ RNA

Question 15

which virus shows 80% of pts progressing from acute-> chronic?

Answer 15

HCV

Question 16

interferons and ribavirin are what type of agents? for HCV

Answer 16

indirect, not used much anymore

Question 17

NS3/4A Inhibitors
NS5A Replication Complex Inhibitors
NS5B Inhibitors are all what? for HCV

Answer 17

direct acting antivirals

Question 18

what protease is responsible for reducing host innate immune response to HCV?

Answer 18

ns3/4a

Question 19

Noncovalent inhibitor of NS3/4a serine protease- active against _______NS3 protease. is this inhibitor 1st generation or second?

Answer 19

GT 1, second

Question 20

simeprevir used for what?

Answer 20

2nd generation NS3/4a for HCV. ( CYP34A substrate)

Question 21

NS5A used for what?

Answer 21

protein needed for viral replication and assembly

Question 22

which HCV medication needs to be given in combination in order to avoid resistance development?

Answer 22

NS5A. given with sofosbuvir and needs acidic environment for absoprtion

Question 23

NS5B inhibits what?

Answer 23

RNA polymerase

Question 24

sofosbuvir is example of what? and what is it and what does it do?

Answer 24

NS5B polymerase inhibitor. uridine nucleotide analog , chain terminator

Question 25

NS5B inhibitors have two types, what are they?

Answer 25

nucleotide and non nucleotide

Question 26

non nucleotide NS5B inhibitor only available as what?

Answer 26

combination only

Question 27

treatment of HCV requires what?

Answer 27

more than 1 active agent to prevent resistance

Question 28

HPV is what kind of virus?

Answer 28

double stranded circular DNA with no envelope

Question 29

usual cause for HPV

Answer 29

biopsy

Question 30

most effective treatment for HPV?

Answer 30

cryosurgery

Question 31

herpes is what kind of virus?

Answer 31

double stranded DNA virus with envelope

Question 32

what can cause hepatic whitlow?

Answer 32

herpes

Question 33

medications for herpes work through what?

Answer 33

inhibition of viral DNA polymerase

Question 34

antiherpes medication have what type of structures?

Answer 34

nucleoside analogs

Question 35

acyclovir used for what?

Answer 35

herpes

Question 36

acyclovir target site and mechanism of action?

Answer 36

viral DNA polymerase. phosphorylation of thymidylate kinase to monophosphate form, chain terminator

Question 37

use of acyclovir?

Answer 37

HSV1, 2, and VZV

Question 38

drug interactions with acyclovir?

Answer 38

nephrotoxic agents

Question 39

use of ganciclovir?

Answer 39

CMV, HSV1,2, VZV

Question 40

gangciclovir adverse effects

Answer 40

myelosuppression, CNS side effects, prig category C teratogenicity, embryo toxicity, irreversible reproductive toxicity

Question 41

reverse transcriptase inhibitor types:

Answer 41

nucleoside and nucleotide inhibitors, and non nucleoside inhibitor

Question 42

NRTI and NtRTI are structurally similar to what?

Answer 42

purine and pyrimidine, lach 3" OH group

Question 43

which RT inhitoris are chain terminators?

Answer 43

NRTI and NtRTI

Question 44

NRTI's used for what two things?

Answer 44

HBV and as RT inhibitors

Question 45

how to NNRTI's work?

Answer 45

bind to RT enzyme, no phosphorylation

Question 46

tenofovir is what type of drug?

Answer 46

NRTI

Question 47

how is tenofovir eliminated?

Answer 47

REnal

Question 48

Tenofovir AE?

Answer 48

nephrotoxicity

Question 49

Efavirenz is what type of drug?

Answer 49

NNRTI

Question 50

AE of efavirenz?

Answer 50

CNS side effects

Question 51

what kind of drug is dolutegravir?

Answer 51

integrase inhibitor

Question 52

darunavir is what kind of drug?

Answer 52

protease inhibitor

Question 53

AE of darunavir?

Answer 53

body fat abnormalities