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Oral Bio E2 > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

outer vestibule boundaries

A

lips and cheeks

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2
Q

inner oral cavity proper boundaries

A
  • separated from the vestibule by bone and gingiva
  • superior: hard and soft palate
  • inferior: floor of the mouth and base of the tongue
  • posterior: tonsils
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3
Q

functions of oral mucosa

A
  • propulsion
  • initiation of digestion
  • sensation
  • secretion
  • protection
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4
Q

how does the oral mucosa protect

A
  • separates and protects deeper tissue
  • prevents microorganism from gaining access to underlying tissue
  • tonsils provide immunological protection
  • forms impermeable barrier
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5
Q

3 main types of oral mucosa

A
  • masticatory mucosa
  • lining mucosa
  • specialized mucosa
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6
Q

masticatory mucosa

A
  • stratified squamous keratinized or parakeratinized epithelium
  • bound tightly to the underlying bone
  • covers gingiva and har palate
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7
Q

lining mucosa

A
  • stratified squamous NON keratinized epithelium
  • covers inner surface of lips, checks, soft palate, inferior surface of tongue, floor of mouth
  • CT layers have elastic fibers that control the extensibility of the mucosa
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8
Q

lining mucosa on the floor of the oral cavity

A

-is very thin, non keratinized epithelium and because the underlying lamina propr. has extensive capillary supply with anastomosing capillary loops, certain drugs are absorbed when help under the tongue

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9
Q

specialized mucosa

A

-dorsal surface of the tongue (dorsal surface of the tongue, also found in oropharynx and epiglottis)

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10
Q

what are the types of specialized mucosa

A
  • filiform papillae
  • fungiform papillae
  • circumvallate
  • foliate papillae
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11
Q

filiform papillae

A

no tast buds

  • stratified squamous keratinized
  • anterior 2/3 of tongue
  • compress and break food
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12
Q

fungiform papillae

A

tast buds on apical surface

  • stratified squamous NON keratinized
  • tip and sides of tongue
  • chemoreceptor (detects taste)
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13
Q

circumvallate

A

taste buds on lateral surface

  • stratified squamous NON keratinized
  • in V shaped row just anterior to the terminal sulcus
  • chemoreceptor (detects taste)
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14
Q

foliate papillae

A

taste buds lateral

  • stratified squamous NON keratinized
  • posterior lateral surface of the tongue
  • chemoreceptor (detects taste)
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15
Q

development of the papillae and taste buds

A
  • first appear at the end of the embryonic period (week8 )
  • vallate and foliate are firs to appear
  • taste buds develop during week 10-11
  • fetal responses to bitter stimulus can be recorded at 26 weeks
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16
Q

gingiva

A
  • oral mucosa surrounding erupted teeth

- lining mucosa undergoes an abrupt change at the mucogingival junction to masticatory epithelium

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17
Q

gingiva is composed of 2 parts

A
  • gingival mucosa

- junctional epithelium

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18
Q

gingival mucosa

A

faces oral cavity

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19
Q

junctional epithelium

A
  • atttaches firmy to the enamel/ cementum via hemidesmosomes
  • inner basal lamina binds to calcified tissue
  • basal cells rest on a typical basal lamina
  • junction of the epithelium and the tooth is permeable and antigens can pass through it and initiate inflammation (gingivitis)
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20
Q

periodontal ligament

A
  • located between the commute and alveolar bone

- principal fiber groups -type I collagen fibers

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21
Q

functions of the PDL

A
  • tooth attachment/ fixation and support
  • proprioception
  • detects pain sensation
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22
Q

things that the PDL has that is unlike typical ligaments

A
  • highly vascularized
  • rich blood supply
  • lots of nerves
  • collagen fibers have a high turnover rate

-poor nutrition causes atrophy

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23
Q

branching morphogenesis

A

-development of a small bud connected by a cord of epithelial cells and clefts develop in the bud, forming 2 or more new buds

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24
Q

after the lumen develops the epithelium consists of 2 layers

A
  • inner layer which will differentiate into secretory cells

- outer layer which form contractile myoepithelial cells (helps to transport saliva to the oral cavity)

25
Q

salivary glands have 2 portions

A
  • acinus- secretory portion

- duct- conducting portion)

26
Q

merocrine secretion

A

secretory product release in membrane bound vesicles

27
Q

mucous cells

A
  • mucinogen granules filled with hydrophilic glycoproteins called mucins
  • mucins are release to become hydrated and form mucus
  • mucus is viscour, stiky, elastic secretion
28
Q

serous cells

A

-produce nonglycosylated protein secretion

29
Q

when does the parotid gland develop

A

4-6 weeks of embryonic life

30
Q

when does the submandibular gland develop

A

6 weeks of embryonic life

31
Q

when does the sublingual gland develop

A

8-12 weeks of embryonic life

32
Q

cells of the secretory acini and ducts become mature..

A

during the last 2 months of development

33
Q

development continues post-natally until..

A

2 years of age

34
Q

salivary glands and saliva functions

A
  • forms the first barriers agains infection (protection)
  • aids in speech and swallowing
  • buffering
  • tooth integrity
  • tissue repair
  • digestion
  • taste
35
Q

von ebner gland secretion

A

produces purely SEROUS product (only minor salivary gland to do this- the rest are mixed)

36
Q

parotid gland secretion

A

purely serous

37
Q

submandibular gland secretion

A

SEROUS and mucous

38
Q

sublingual gland secretion

A

MUCOUS and serous

39
Q

saliva is

A

HYPOTONIC because Na is removed but water does not follow

40
Q

2 major divisions of the skull

A
  • neurocranium

- viscerocranium

41
Q

what does the neurocranium form

A
  • protective case around the brain

- includes: cranial vault, cranial base

42
Q

what does the viscerocranium form

A

forms the skeleton of the face

43
Q

cranial vault/calvaria (neurocranium)

A

intramembranous bone of neural crest cella nd paraxial mesoderm origin

44
Q

cranial base (neurocranium)

A

endochondral bone of neural crest origin and paraxial mesoderm

45
Q

viscerocranium/face

A

intrammbranous bone of neural crest origin

46
Q

the mandible is formed by

A

endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification

47
Q

membranous neurocranium includes

A
  • frontla bone
  • parietal bone
  • squamous portion of the occipital bone
48
Q

membranous neurocranium begins as a mesenchymal membrane covering the developing brain derived from

A
  • neural crest cells (frontal bone)

- paraxial mesoderm (parietal and occipital)

49
Q

ossification of the developing bones of the calvaria depends

A

on the presence of the brain (induced)

50
Q

the frontal bone develops from..

A

2 membranous ossification centers above each superciliary arch during the 7th week of development
-at birth these are separated by a midline inter-frontal suture

51
Q

the inter-frontal suture typically fuses by

A

9 months and is usually completely obliterated by 6-7 years of age

52
Q

sutures

A

connective tissue that separated flat bones

-derived from neural crest cells (sagittal suture) and paraxial mesoderm (coronal suture)

53
Q

frontanelles

A

wide sutures where more than 2 bones meet

-allow the bones of the skull to overlap during the birthing process (ew)

54
Q

cartilaginous neurocranium (chondocranium)

A
  • occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, petrous and mastoid temporal
  • derived from neural crest cells and paraxial mesoderm
  • ossification centers appear in the skull and the centers fuse to form the base of the skull
55
Q

viscerocranium (bones of the face)

A
  • mesenchyme for the formation of the bones of the face is neural crest cell derived
  • intramembranous ossification occurs in the maxillary prominence and mandibular prominece
56
Q

chondocranium (neurocranium)

A
  • occipital
  • sphenoid
  • ethmoid
  • petrous and mastoid par of the temporal bone
57
Q

membrnaous neurocrnaium

A
  • interparietal part of occipital
  • parietal
  • frontal
  • squamous portion of the temporal bone
58
Q

cartilagenous viserocranium

A
  • pharyngeal arch 1 (meckel’s cartilage, malleus, incus)

- pharyngeal arch 2 (reichert’s cartilage, stapes, styloid process)

59
Q

membranous viserocranium

A
  • maxillary process- superficial (squamous part of temporal bone, zygomatic, maxillary, premaxillary, nasal, lacrimal)
  • maxillary process-deep (palatine, vomer, pterygoid)
  • mandibular process (mandible)

Oral Bio E2 (11 decks)

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