Lecture 4 Flashcards
1
Q
What are Therapeutic Modalities?
A
An intervention that helps healing
2
Q
What is Cryoytherapy?
A
Using cold as a therapeutic modality
3
Q
What is Vasoconstriction?
A
Reflex action of smooth muscle due to sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla
4
Q
What does cold decrease?
A
- cell metabolic rate and need for oxygen
- muscle spasm
- free nerve ending and peripheral nerve excitability
5
Q
What does cold increase?
A
- Blood viscosity
6
Q
why is there a decrease in muscle spasm?
A
Muscle becomes more amenable to stretch as a result of decreased GTO and muscle spindle activity
7
Q
Indications for cold treatment
A
- Acute injury or inflammation
- Acute, chronic, or post-surgical pain
- prevent edema formation
8
Q
Contraindications for cold treatement
A
- Circulatory insufficiency
- Cold hypersensitivity/hives
- Anaesthetic skin
- open wounds
9
Q
Precautions for cold treatement
A
- over the Corotid sinus
- over areas of infection
- near the eyes
- over superficial nerves
10
Q
What is Thermotherapy?
A
using heat as a therapeutic modality
11
Q
What do the effects of thermotherapy depend on?
A
- type of heat energy applied
- intensity of energy
- duration of exposure
- tissue response
12
Q
Desired effects of heat
A
- increase collagen extensibility
- decreasing joint stiffness
- reducing pain
- relieving muscle spasm
- reduction of edema and swelling
- increasing blood flow
13
Q
How does heat assist healing?
A
- raise tissue temperature
- increase metabolism resulting in reduction of oxygen tension
- lowering pH
- increasing capillary permeability and releasing bradykinins and histamine resulting in vasodilation
- Parasympathetic impulses stimulated by heat are also believed to be a reason for vasodilation
14
Q
Indications for heat treatement
A
- Subacute or chronic inflammatory conditions
- reduction of subacute or chronic pain
- subacute or chronic muscle spasm
- decreased range of motion
- hematoma resolution
- reduction in joint contractures
15
Q
Contraindications for heat treatement
A
- Acute injuries
- Impaired circulation
- Poor thermal regulation
- Anaesthetic areas
- Abdomen or low back during pregnancy
