Lecture 3 Flashcards
What are the Cardinal Signs of Inflammation?
Swelling Heat Altered function Redness Pain
What are the 3 phases of healing?
- Inflammatory response
- fibroblastic repair
- Maturation-remodelling phase
When does the Inflammatory Response Phase occur?
0- 5 days
When does the Fibroblastic Repair Phase occur?
3 - 21 days
When does the Maturation-Remodelling Phase occur?
15 + days
What does Inflammation do?
Protect, localize, and rid the body of damaged tissue to prepare the next phase of healing
What happens if the Inflammatory response doesn’t work, or does not subside?
Normal healing cannot take place
What does the Fibroblastic Repair Phase do?
Heals and restores damaged tissue. regenerative activity leads to scare tissue.
What does the Maturation-Remodelling Phase do?
- strength of scare tissue continues to increase
- Continual remodelling of new tissue in response to movement and body’s damand
- Thickening and increased strength of tissues
What are Corticosteroids used for?
easing pain
Why are Coricosteroids bad?
Weakens tissue
What factors impede healing?
- extent of injury
- edema
- haemorrhage
- poor vascular supply
- muscle spasm
- atrophy
- corticosteroids
- keloids and hypertrophic scars
- infection
- humidity, climate, oxygen tension
- health, age, and nutrition
What is the healing time frame for Cartilage?
limited, up to 18 months
What is the healing time frame for ligaments?
grade 1: 7-14 days
grade 2: 6-8 weeks
grade 3: may require surgery
what is the healing time frame for tendons?
4-5 weeks
what is the healing time frame for muscles?
6-8 weeks
what is the healing time frame for bone?
3-8 weeks
What are the 4 stages of Bone Healing?
Hematoma formation
Soft Callus
Hard Callus
Remodeling
When do you splint?
- mechanism of injury could indicate a fracture
- audible “crack”
- severe pain
- inability to move joint/limb
- deformity present
What are the 5 Types of Splints?
- Vacuum
- Air
- SAM
- Rigid
- Traction
