Lecture 4 Flashcards
2 ways how toy preference is influenced by hormones
Girls with CAH play with boy toys more. And the degree of masculinization of toy preference is directly related to extent of embryonic androgen exposure.
What kind of toys do boys prefer and what toys do girls prefer
Boys prefer toys that move or can be incorporated into active play girls like toys based in color.
How are girls with CAH influenced by toys.
The play with boy toys more than girls with out it.
Explain clear dose dependence
It states that the degree of masculinization of toy preference is directly related to extent of embryonic androgen exposure.
On the medial Preoptic Area of hypothalamus how do females differ from males.
Males have more synapses on dendritic shafts than females and females have more synapses on dendritic spines.
What’s the difference of the SDN-POA between males and females.
It is larger males.
What’s the difference of the spinal nuclear of the bulbocavernosus between males and females.
SNB is larger and have more neurons in males and in females is small in size or absent.
What are some receptor differences between males and females
Males have higher levels of androgen receptors and higher levels of AVP containing neurons BNST and MeA.
Females have higher estrogen and progesterone receptors
Characteristics of CAH in girls
- Higher incidence of rough and tumble play
- characterized as tomboys
- prefer male playmates
- prefer boy toys over girl toys
- show less maternal behavior
Describe 5a-reductase deficiency in Boys
- ambiguous external genitalia
- frequently reared as girls
- at puberty when testosterone partially masculinizes body
- psychosexual identity is frequently male
Describe what nociception in relation to women
Women are more sensitive and less tolerant to painful stimuli
Describe olfaction and taste in females
Females are more sensitive and able to differentiate odors. Increases during pregnancy and decreases during menstruation
Females are generally more sensitive to taste than males. Exaggerated during pregnancy and decreases following menopause
Describe audition and vision in women.
Women are more sensitive to sound and lower noise tolerance.
Men have lower light tolerance than woman and men have slower dark adaptation than women.
Explain lateralization
In right handed individuals the right hemisphere specializes in spatial processing while the left hemisphere processes verbal information.
Name two things that are consistent with a role for androgen organization of subsequent visuospatial ability
- Turner syndrome associated with decreased visuospatial ability
- some women with CAH score high for visuospatial ability
