Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Molecular 3rd pt. 2 > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the order of the cell cycle

A
  • G1 phase
  • S phase DNA replication
  • G2 phase
  • M phase mitosis and cytokinesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

during what stage does DNA replication happen

A

interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when does mitosis happen

A

M phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when does cytokinesis happen

A

m phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the stages of mitosis

A
  • prophase
  • prometaphase
  • metaphase
  • anaphase
  • telophase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is comprised within interphase

A
  • G1
  • S
  • G2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does flank mean

A

on either side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

true/false the cell cycle is present and regulated in all organisms

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

during which stages does cell growth occur

A

at all phases EXCEPT during mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how much of the cell cycle does mitosis take up

A

5-10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

true/false lots of cells are in G0

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

M phase is flanked by which 2 phases

A

G1 and G2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when are the 3 major checkpoints in the cell cycle

A
  • start checkpoint in G1/S
  • G2/M checkpoint
  • metaphase/ anaphase checkpoint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does the G1/S checkpoint look for

A

is environment favourable?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does the G2/M checkpoint look for

A
  • is all DNA replicated
  • is environment favourable
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does the metaphase/anaphase checkpoint look for

A

are all chromosomes attached to the spindle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

if a cell passes the G1/S checkpoint, what can it do

A

enter cell cycle and proceed to S phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

if a cell passes the G2/M checkpoint, what can it do

A

enter mitosis

19
Q

if a cell passes the metaphase/anaphase checkpoint, what can it do

A

trigger anaphase and proceed to cytokinesis

20
Q

what do kinases do

A

add phosphate groups

21
Q

true/false the kinase activity of each type of cyclin-Cdk complexes change as the cell progresses through the cell cycle

A

true

22
Q

true/false the level of Cdks vary throughout the cell cycle

A
  • false
  • they remain relatively constant
  • they just bind more when the levels of cyclins go up
23
Q

true/false the level of cyclins vary throughout the cell cycle

A

true

24
Q

where was the cell cycle originally studied

A

in yeast

25
Q

what do G1-cyclins do

A

help coordinate growth of cells during cell cycle

26
Q

what do G1/S-cyclins do

A
  • bind Cdks in late G1
  • commits cell to “START” and DNA replication
27
Q

what do S-cyclins do

A
  • binds Cdks soon after “START”
  • stimulates chromosome duplication
  • controls early mitotic events
28
Q

what do M-cyclins do

A

promotes the entry of cells into mitosis

29
Q

what is unique about Cdk proteins in yeasts

A
  • they have a single type
  • Cdk1
  • controls all the stages of the cell cycle by chnaging diff cyclin partners at the diff stages
30
Q

true/false a single molecule of Cdk exists in yeast

A
  • False
  • single type not molecule
31
Q

the most common control of cdk activity is what

A

phosphorylation/ dephosphorylation

32
Q

what are the 2 parts in cdk2 activation

A
  • binding with cyclin A partially activated cdk2
  • phosphorylation of T-loop by CAK fully activated cdk2
33
Q

what happens if the inhibitory site in the M-cyclin/Cdk complex is phorphorylated by Wee1 kinase

A

cdk activity is inhibited

34
Q

what happens if p27 binds to a cyclin-Cdk complex

A

inhibits the complex

35
Q

what is p27

A

a CKI protein

36
Q

how does p27 inhibit the cyclin-cdk complex

A
  • binds to both the cyclin and the cdk
  • this distorts the active site
  • it also inserts into the ATP-binding site, inhibiting enzyme activity
37
Q

The active cyclin–Cdk complex is turned ______ (off/on) when the kinase Wee1 phosphorylates two closely spaced sites above the active site.

A

off

38
Q

true/false you can control the cell cycle by degradation of key proteins

A

true

39
Q

how is APC/C activity changed throughout the cell cycle

A

by changes in its association with Cdc20

40
Q

cyclin D pairs with which cdk

A
  • 4
  • 6
41
Q

cyclin E pairs with which cdk

A

2

42
Q

cyclin A pairs with which cdk

A
  • 2
  • 1
43
Q

cyclin B pairs with which cdk

A

1

Molecular 3rd pt. 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions