03: Translation

Question 1

true/false translation is the answer to the “coding problem” of the 1950s

Answer 1

true

Question 2

The nucleotide sequence of a gene is translated into the AA sequence of a protein by rules that are known as what

Answer 2

the genetic code

Question 3

how many AA are there often in proteins

Answer 3

20

Question 4

Each group of three consecutive nucleotides in mRNA is called what

Answer 4

a codon

Question 5

true/false the codons in an mRNA molecule directly recognize the amino acids they specify

Answer 5

• false
• depends on adaptor molecules (tRNA) that bind the codon and the AA together

Question 6

why can polycistronic mRNA occur in bacterial molecules but not eukaryotic

Answer 6

• eukaryotic typically need a capped 5’ end on the mRNA
• but prokaryotic just need the shine dalgarno sequences to be able to bind