lecture 4

Question 1

Niche

Answer 1

Environmental conditions an animal needs to survive and reproduce (their specific habitat)

Question 1

Niche Rule

Answer 1

no 2 animal species an live in same environment for the same resources

Question 2

Marginal Value Theorem

Answer 2

Will leave food area when the net calorie intake matches other food sources. more time in farther and thicker food areas.

The time an animal spends feeding in a patch before it moves onto the next food patch. The animal will spend more time in a patch if patches are far apart (travel is costly), or if patch richer in resources than another patch (food benefit larger)

ex: horse eats all of the grass in a small paddock, moves to a large meadow

Question 3

Area Restricted Search Hypothesis

Answer 3

When an animal is in a food rich area, it reduces its speed and/or exhibits sharp turns, which allow it to stay in the food area (facilitates exploitation of food)

When food scarce, an animal will move faster and travel in roughly a straight line in search of more food

Question 4

Search Image

Answer 4

mental representation of a stimulus an animal is seeking

Question 5

Central place foraging

Answer 5

An animal takes the food to an open area with a lower risk
of predation, and/or can easily be on watch for predators

Question 6

Limiting Resource for males and females

Answer 6

males need females to mate with, females need food to successfully ovulate and have offspring

Question 6

Territorial Behavior

Answer 6

response to defend an area and its food resources

Question 6

Migration

Answer 6

Round-trip move for a more food-rich habitat

Question 7

Mutualism

Answer 7

cooperation between animals to get food and/or other resources

Question 8

Interspecific Feeding Competition

Answer 8

competition between animals of different species

Question 9

Mixed species flock benefit

Answer 9

increased predator detection and foraging,
will eat different food items so not as much competition

Question 9

Intraspecific Feeding Competition

Answer 9

competition between members of the same species

Question 10

Predator Prey Arms Race

Answer 10

Both are constantly adapting to catch/escape the other – adaptations to move faster from both

Question 11

Life Dinner Principal

Answer 11

overall predator is losing in the “arms race”, two animals are co-evolving
for prey, their life is on the line, while for predator it’s just dinner