Lecture 4:

Question 1

What are the reasons for primary tooth loss?

Answer 1

1. premature loss of primary teeth
2. proximal carious lesions
3. trauma
4. orthodontic reasons (crowding & malalignement)

Question 2

The loss of primary teeth may lead too:

Answer 2

1. mesial migration of teeth
2. malocclusion in permanent dentition
3. crowding
4. impaction of permanent teeth
5. super eruption of opposing teeth
6. changing/ redirecting the path of eruption
7. loss of arch length
8. decreasing arch-perimeter

Question 3

What serves as the the BEST space maintainers for the permanent dentition?

Answer 3

primary teeth

Question 4

If premature extraction or early loss of primary tooth is unavoidable, what is the next safest option to maintain arch space?

Answer 4

space maintainer

Question 5

What does the space maintainer appliance do?

Answer 5

Maintains the extraction space for the settlement of the successor permanent teeth

Question 6

Space maintenance is appropriate only when:

Answer 6

1. All unerupted teeth are at the normal stage of development
2. adequate space is available
3. all unerupted teeth present

Question 7

If a permanent successor will erupt WITHIN 6 months, is a space maintainer necessary?

Answer 7

NO

Question 8

If more than 1/2 to 2/3 of the permanent root has formed, is a space maintainer necessary?

Answer 8

NO

Question 9

We expect to see the tooth in the mouth when ____ of the root is developed

Answer 9

3/4

Question 10

What situations would require other treatment approaches because space maintenance is inadequate or inappropriate?

Answer 10

1. Space loss (not enough space available for permanent teeth)
2. Missing permanent teeth
3. Severe skeletal discepancy
4. Severe crowding
5. Severe spacing

Question 11

What are the 4 common FIXED appliances that are generally used to maintain space in the primary dentition?

Answer 11

1. Band and Loop (Crown & loop)
2. Lower lingual holding arch
3. Nance
4. Distal shoe

Question 12

T/F: For a lower lingual holding arch fixed appliance, all lower incisors must be erupted:

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Bands on the molars, transpalatal arch, acrylic piece holds the molar in place:

Answer 13

Nance

Question 14

Band is placed on the first primary molar with an extension:

Answer 14

distal shoe

Question 15

Before eruption of the permanent incisors, if a single primary molar has been lost B/L , what space maintainers are recommended?

Answer 15

A pair of band and loop space maintainers

(this is advisable because the permanent incisor tooth buds are LINGUAL to the primary incisors and often erupt lingually)

Question 16

What do the band and loop space maintainers enable the permanent incisors to do?

Answer 16

they allow the permanent incisors to erupt without interference from a lingual wire

Question 17

Do band and loops have good survival times?

Answer 17

NO -> they survive about 18 months with cement failure as the most frequent problem

Question 18

If we do not use a space mainanter with a premature loss of a baby 2nd molar, what happens to the first molar?

Answer 18

permanent 1st molar may tip or move mesially;

Question 19

Similar appliance to the space maintainer but spring loaded:

Answer 19

space regainer

Question 20

What is a space regainer use for?

Answer 20

Used to regain space when 1st permanent molar has already begun to drift in the space left by the primary molar