Lecture 4

Question 1

The stomach

Answer 1

Hollow, muscular organ that continues chemical and mechanical digestion

Question 2

Regions of stomach:

Answer 2

Cardia, fundus, body, antrum, pylorus

Question 3

Pylorus divided into

Answer 3

antrum and canal

Question 4

Pyloric sphincter regulates

Answer 4

movement into small intestine

Question 5

Rugae

Answer 5

allow expansion of stomach

Question 6

Muscularis contains

Answer 6

additional oblique layer

Question 7

Mucosa contains

Answer 7

gastric pits

Question 8

Gastric glands secrete

Answer 8

gastric juice

Question 9

Parietal cells secrete

Answer 9

hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

Question 10

Chief cells secrete

Answer 10

pepsinogen

Question 11

Mucous neck cells secrete

Answer 11

mucus

Question 12

Enteroendocrine cells

Answer 12

—secrete hormones

Question 13

Different phases of Gastric secretion

Answer 13

Cephalic phase
Gastric phase
Intestinal phase

Question 14

Cephalic phase

Answer 14

—begins when body is alerted by the smell, taste, sight, or thought of food

Question 15

Gastric phase

Answer 15

—activated by nervous and endocrine system when food enters stomach
Results in increased gastric secretion & motility

Question 16

Intestinal phase

Answer 16

Excitatory—duodenum increases gastric secretion
Inhibitory enterogastric reflex inhibits gastric secretion & movement when small intestine is full

Question 17

alpha salivary amylase lies in the fundus of the stomach - it is denatured due to the low pH levels - thus, it is inactive in the fundus

Question 18

What mixes and churns food?

Answer 18

Body of the stomach

Question 19

Pepsinogen

Answer 19

The inactive form of pepsin (which breaks down proteins)
- it becomes active after secretion of HCL
- mucous of stomach = protective layer against pepsin

Question 20

Tight junctions

Answer 20

• prevents contents from leaking out and going where not supposed to
• also for cell to cell communication