Lecture 4 Flashcards
Odgers conclusion
The narrative around social media and adolescent development has been negative, but empirical support for the story of increasing deficits, disease, and disconnection is limited.
Investigations on adolescents and social media have been focused primarily on population-level estimates. (4x)
- Girls
- adolescents with existing mental health vulnerabilities
- adolescents from low-income households
- marginalized adolescents
To argue for both the danger and the promise of digital technology for adolescents’ mental health. These advances are needed:
- Rigorous experimental and quasi-experimental studies focused on adolescents
- Move past simple screen time metrics and conceptualizations of screen time
- Estimating heterogeneity in associations and effects
Teens’ self-report of social media use is predominantly positive and can be organized in dimensions (4x)
- Relational interactions
- Self-expression
- Exploration
- Browsing
Benefits of online help-seeking by adolescents (7x)
- Anonymity
- Privacy
- Immediacy
- Ease of access
- Inclusivity
- Ability to connect with others and share experiences
- Greater sense of control
adolescents appear to be using social media and digital technology to (3x)
- Maintain friendships
- Engage in supportive exchanges
- Engage in activities that are typically observed offline
peer influence
a set of processes by which adolescents’ behaviors and attitudes become more similar to their peers’ over time.
Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by (4x)
- Identity exploration
- Increasedsensation-seeking
- Pursuit of romantic and sexual intimacy
- Heightened attention to and valuing of peer approval and peer status
biopsychosocial changes relevant to understanding peer influence (2x)
Social: aim to match their behaviours and attitudes to those of valued peers and peer groups
biological: brain stuff
transformation framework
social media fundamentally transforms adolescent peer experiences.
peer influence processes that occur within this online context may differ in key ways from offline processes, resulting in a transformation of peer influence
How does SM transform peer experiences? (7x)
- Asynchronicity
- Permanence
- Publicness
- Availability
- Cue absence
- Quantifiability
- Visualness
5 categories of transformation of peer experiences
- Changing the frequency or immediacy
- Amplifying the experiences and demands
- Altering the qualitative nature
- Providing new opportunities for “compensatory” behaviors
- Providing new opportunities for entirely new behaviors
Carefully controlled experimental study designs can provide insights about
causality
cross-sectional study designs used to examine behaviors that may be subject to peer influence processes
- Substance use
- Self-injurious
- Suicidality
- Eating disorder/ body image
- Aggressive and antisocial
SM activities middle childhood
- SM relatively unpopulated
- They use SM like they use other media (fairly passive and just another source of entertainment)
pre-teens
8-12yr
SM usage for middle childhood
fairly family oriented (small social circle), and gameplay oriented.
CHILD AND CONTEXT STILL MATTERS, CONSIDER THE C’S
Why should we study child demographic when talking SM? (4x)
- Social media matches development goals,
- In spite of age restrictions, under 13 are using SM
Some children “age” earlier (individual differences)
Silicon valley tries to target kids with advertising
Why is legislation around kids media important?
They need special protection regarding their data, as they are less aware of risks an consequences. Supported by many governments.
COPPA
Children’s’ Online Privacy Protection Act
Special legal obligations for digital media and tech for kids under 13
GDPR-kids
General Data Protection Regulation
Separate privacy article for kids. Default age for parental consent is 16 at default, can be lowered to 13
Popjam SM
Has everything regular SM has, but no:
private chat
sharing pic without disguise
upload info or pic incl personal info
Key thoughts on SM in context of middle childhood
They use, so we cant ignore
Use is different
Have a right so SM, so we have to respect
Need protection or learn digital literacy
Need protection in age appropriate manner
Remember the variations in use 3C’s for adolescents and SM:
Variation in use:
within and across platform
over time
Type of activities
level of intimacy
