lecture 4

Question 1

Does or democratic mechanisms work?

Answer 1

Not as they are meant to…
Namely via mandate theory & ‘simple’ checks and
balances

Question 2

Why do the limits of the executive branch pose problems?

Answer 2

• Because they may make governance (very) difficult, maybe even impossible.
• The ‘networked’, neoliberal world reflects the problems inherent in democratic
  systems > Which of course makes governance very complex

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Question 3

What is multilevel governance?

Answer 3

Multilevel governance emerges when practitioners from
several levels of government share the task of making
regulations and forming policy, usually in conjunction
with relevant interest groups

Question 4

What are practitioners?

Answer 4

People that not only have formal

jurisdiction/role, but also substantial involvement

Question 5

What are several levels share?

Answer 5

‘higher’ does not mean ‘the boss”

Question 6

What is policy?

Answer 6

The way of intervening (governance)

Question 7

What are intrest groups?

Answer 7

Non-state actors participate in the

governance process too

Question 8

What does multilevel governance look like?

Answer 8

does not sound like mandate theory, does it?

…More like street-level bureaucrats thinking for themselves…

Question 9

What is a pro for multilevel governance?

Answer 9

Sharing governance formation with lots of others is useful:

everyone contributes their expertise and support

Question 10

What is a con of multilevel governance?

Answer 10

Democratic control is difficult

Question 11

What are arguments for centralisation? (discouraginging MLG)

Answer 11

 efficiency and effectiveness
 economies of scale
 democracy through public control
 equity

Question 12

What are arguments for decentralisation?

Answer 12

 efficiency and effectiveness
 competition
 democracy through closeness
 Identity

Question 13

What is a result of multi level goverance?

Answer 13

The limits of the excutive are amplified = Principal-agent problem occurs more and more!

Question 14

What is the relation beweteen mulitlevel governance and internationalisation & neoliberalism?

Answer 14

The economic crisis of 2008 ushered in a period of financial
austerity [lecture 2!]. States have tended to download their
budgetary problems to lower levels by cutting support. This
has created new tensions between levels of government. It
has increased competitions between regions and cities, while
wealthier places have complained about transfers to poorer
ones.”

As economies were opened up, both within Europe and
globally, states became less able to steer the regional balance
of developmen

the existence of MLG is strongly related to the catch
of lecture 2: internationalisation & neoliberalism,
while demands & desires are also local

Question 15

What does openness means?

Answer 15

no direction given’: firms can move and invest anywhere and tend to cluster in centres

Question 16

What is the effect of opnness means?

Answer 16

• Difficult for poorer regions to
  develop
• Larger intra-country differences

Question 17

What is the modern view of state apparatus? (the Government, the Administration, the Army, the Police, the Courts, the Prisons, etc)

Answer 17

> Nation-state
Separation of powers
Mandate theory & resulting governance

Question 18

Why does the modern view of state apparatus not work?

Answer 18

Because of the limits of the executive in apparatus

• Which are evident from the practice of MLG
• & can be summarized as the principal-agent problem

Question 19

central question? Can states/governments guarantee certain (morally) desired outcomes?

Answer 19

NO,
as effective ‘interventional’ power is at least partly
undermined from within the modern state system by the
principal-agent problem, evident in MLG