Lecture 38 Evolution & Domestication - Livestock

Question 1

Mulesing (3)

Answer 1

-skin is cut away from breech area
-prevents flystrike
-welfare issue

Question 2

Potential alternatives to mulesing (3)

Answer 2

-selective breeding
-clips
-cytotoxic injections

Question 3

New Zealand has the

Answer 3

Highest density of sheep per capita

Question 4

Australia is the world’s largest exporter of

Answer 4

Cattle and sheep

Question 5

Which sheep is adapted very well to Australia

Answer 5

Merino

Question 6

Spanish produced ___sheep for quality wool

Answer 6

Merino

Question 7

Sheep were initially kept for (3)

Answer 7

-meat
-milk
-skins

Question 8

Selection of woolly sheep began around

Answer 8

6000 years ago

Question 9

Ancient sheep were (2)

Answer 9

-plucked, not shorn
-hair fibres were used (longer and coarser than wool fibres)

Question 10

Domestication of sheep was ideal because (5)

Answer 10

-lack of aggression
-manageable size
-early sexual maturity
-social nature
-high reproduction rates

Question 11

_____ were the first livestock species to be domesticated

Answer 11

Sheep and goats

Question 12

There are ____ breeds of domesticated sheep

Answer 12

1000

Question 13

Ovis aries

Answer 13

Domestic sheep

Question 14

The primary ancestor of domestic sheep is thought to be

Answer 14

Asiatic Mouflon (Ovis orientalis)

Question 15

Dairy breeds: (3)

Answer 15

-Holstein friesian
-jersey
-guernsey

Question 16

Beef breeds: (4)

Answer 16

-angus
-Hereford
-Belgian blue
-charolais

Question 17

Taurus lineage has (2)

Answer 17

-flat back
-more upright ears

Question 18

Cross of Indicine and Taurine is

Answer 18

Droughtmaster

Question 19

Cattle ticks transmit

Answer 19

Babesia bovis

Question 20

Zebu (indicine) lineage (6)

Answer 20

-used mostly for meat
-hump at shoulders
-droopy ears
-heat tolerant
-hardy
-tolerance to parasites & disease

Question 21

Indian aurochs are the

Answer 21

Zebu cattle

Question 22

Eurasian Aurochs are

Answer 22

Taurine cattle

Question 23

Cattle are used for (4)

Answer 23

-meat
-milk
-hide
-manure

Question 24

All domestic cattle descend from

Answer 24

The wild ox or aurochs (Bos primigenius)

Question 25

Two species of cattle are

Answer 25

-taurine (Bos taurus)
-zebu (Bos indicus)

Question 26

Taurine and zebu cattle can

Answer 26

Interbreed

Question 27

Aurochs site of origin is most likely

Answer 27

India

Question 28

Three subspecies of aurochs are

Answer 28

-Indian
-Eurasian
-North African

Question 29

Eurasian aurochs were domesticated into

Answer 29

Modern Taurine cattle breeds

Question 30

Indian Aurochs were domesticated into the modern

Answer 30

Zebu (Indicine) Cattle

Question 31

Which Auroch became extinct prior to the Middle Ages

Answer 31

North African Auroch