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MGM (J) > Lecture 35 > Flashcards

Lecture 35 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the redox version of the free energy equation?

A

Delta G = -n F Delta E knot

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2
Q

What is the first electron donor to the electron transport chain?

A

NADH to complex 1

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3
Q

what is the second electron donor to the electron transport chain?

A

FADH2 to complex 2

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4
Q

describe the general pathway of electrons through the electron transport chain. (complexes)

A

Complex 1, complex 2, ubiquinone, complex 3, cytochrome C, complex 4, oxygen.

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5
Q

what complexes are responsible for establishing the proton gradient in the intermembrane space?

A

complexes 1-3

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the ATP transporter located near the ATP synthetase in the mitochondrial inner membrane?

A

it allows ATP to go out of the mitochondrial matrix and also allows some to go in.

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7
Q

what is an inhibitor of complex 1?

A

rotenone, used to kill fish more commonly.

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8
Q

what is an inhibitor of complex 2?

A

antimycin A, also used to kill fish more commonly

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9
Q

What is an inhibitor of complex 4?

A

carbon monoxide and cyanide

- also sodium azide in bacteria which is used for sterilization purposes in labs

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10
Q

what is an inhibitor of complex 5?

A

oligomycin

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11
Q

what is an inhibitor of ATP formation?

A

ADP translocase which reduces the amount of ADP available

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12
Q

what is a way to inhibit the ETC without inhibiting any of the complexes or reducing the ADP concentration?

A

use Uncoupling proteins which act as another transporter for H+ to come back into the mitochondrial matrix, undermining the proton motive force necessary for ATP synthetase to function.

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13
Q

When using an uncoupler, what happens to the potential energy normally used to make ATP?

A

it is released as heat

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14
Q

how many ATP is one NADH worth?

A

2.5-3

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15
Q

how many ATP is one FADH2 worth?

A

1.5 - 2

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16
Q

one molecule of glucose converts to __ pyruvate, __ ATP, __ GTP, __ NADH, __ FADH2.

A

2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 GTP, 10 NADH, 2 FADH2.

17
Q

how many ATP does oxidative phosphorylation typically result in.

A

30 to 38 ATP.

18
Q

What catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone?

A

NADH-Q reductase complex aka cytochrome I

19
Q

what catalyzes the transfer of electrons from Ubiquinone to cytochrome c?

A

QH2-cytochrome c reductase aka complex III

20
Q

what secures oxygen and catalyzes the transfer of electrons to it?

A

cytochrome oxidase aka cytochrom IV

21
Q

what bypasses NADH-Q reductase complex and transfers electrons directly to ubiquinone?

A

mitochondrial flavoproteins aka complez II

22
Q

What is a common uncoupler?

A

2,4 - dinitrophenol

MGM (J) (27 decks)

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