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HUBS endocrine system > Lecture 33: What are hormones and how do they work > Flashcards

Lecture 33: What are hormones and how do they work Flashcards

1
Q

Water-soluble hormones

- Chemical classification

A
  • Peptides

- Cathecholamines

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2
Q

Lipid soluble hormones

-Chemical classification

A
  • Steroids

- Thyroid hormones

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3
Q

How are water soluble hormones transported to target cells?

A
  • dissolved in bloodstream

* except for GH

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4
Q

How are lipid soluble hormones transported to target cells?

A
  • bound to carrier proteins
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5
Q

Where are water-soluble hormone receptors located?

A
  • target cell membrane
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6
Q

Where are lipid-soluble hormone receptors located?

A
  • located in cell ——> intracellular = nucleus or cytoplasm
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7
Q

What mechanism of action is for water-soluble hormones?

A

2nd messenger

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8
Q

What mechanism of action is for lipid-soluble hormones?

A

Gene transcription

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9
Q

What is the speed of response for water-soluble hormones?

A

FAST ms-mins

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10
Q

What is the speed of response for lipid-soluble hormones?

A

SLOW hours - days

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11
Q

What are examples of water soluble hormones?

A
  • Antidiuretic hormone ADH
  • Oxytocin
  • Growth Hormone GH
  • Prolactin
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone ADCH
  • Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH
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12
Q

What are examples of lipid soluble hormones

A
  • Cortisol

- Thyroid hormone TH

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13
Q

Are water-soluble hormones stored?

A

YES; the are made and stored - are released by exocytosis when triggered

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14
Q

Are lipid-soluble hormones stored?

A

NO - they are made from cholesterol when required

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15
Q

Describe 2nd messenger activation

A
  1. Hormone binds to cell receptor
    2 Binding triggers a series of reactions which change activity in cell
  2. Respone
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16
Q

Describe gene transcription activation

A
  1. Hormone released from carrier protein
    2 Diffuses across cell membrane and bind to nucleus receptor
  2. Hormone receptor complex formed
  3. binds to DNA
  4. mRNA generated
  5. new protein formed which controls response

HUBS endocrine system (8 decks)

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