lecture 33

Question 1

quiet inspiration

Answer 1

one muscle, diaphragm

Question 2

forced inspiration

Answer 2

multiple muscles, accessory muscles of inspiration

Question 3

diaphragm completely separates what

Answer 3

abdominal and thoracic cavities

Question 4

diaphragm edges do what

Answer 4

attach to the inferior part of the rib cage

Question 5

diaphragm intermediate region is what

Answer 5

central tendon

Question 6

when diaphragm contracts, what happens to muscles

Answer 6

muscle fibers shorten, diaphragm pulls the central tendon down and forward

Question 7

diaphragm is what attachment to what process

Answer 7

sternal attachment at xiphoid process

Question 8

diaphragm costal attachment

Answer 8

attaches to inner border of ribs 7-12

Question 9

vertebral diaphragmatic attachment

Answer 9

attaches w corpus of L1-L4 and transverse processes at L1

Question 10

what attaches w corpus of L1-L4 and transverse processes at L1

Answer 10

vertebral diaphragmatic attachment

Question 11

what attaches to inner border of ribs 7-12

Answer 11

diaphragm costal attachment

Question 12

diaphragm central tendon

Answer 12

• crescent shaped, white and translucent
• conforms to prominence of vertebral column
• flexibility but depends on radiating fibers of the diaphragm for movement
• provides a strong and secure floor for the heart

Question 13

three openings in the diaphragm

Answer 13

aortic hiatus, esophageal hiatus, foramen vena cava

Question 14

aortic hiatus

Answer 14

descending abdominal aorta passes through

Question 15

esophageal hiatus

Answer 15

esophagus passes through

Question 16

foramen vena cava

Answer 16

inferior vena cava passes through

Question 17

accessory muscles of inspiration

Answer 17

external intercostal muscles, internal intercostal muscles, levatores costarum, serratus posterior superior, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, subclavius, levator scapulae, trapezius, rhomboideus major, rhomboideus minor

Question 18

when external intercostal muscles are contracted

Answer 18

the entire rib cage elevates, mostly distance moved is the front part

Question 19

what is most significant respiratory muscles for speech

Answer 19

external intercostal muscles

Question 20

what is between the 12 ribs - originate in the lower surface of each rib and course downward to insert into upper surface of rib immediately below

Answer 20

external intercostal muscles

Question 21

internal intercostal muscles are where

Answer 21

near the sternum; assits with forced inspiration

Question 22

originates from superior margin of each rib and runs up and medially to the inferior surface of the rib above

Answer 22

internal intercostal muscles

Question 23

elevates rib cage; has longis and brevis

Answer 23

levatores costarum

Question 24

originates on transverse processes of T7-T10, skips the rib below and inserts into next rib - courses obliquely out

Answer 24

levatores costarum longis

Question 25

originates on transverse processes of C7-T11 for a total of 12 - courses obliquely down and out to insert into turbercle of rib below

Answer 25

levatores costarum brevis

Question 26

elevation of rib cage

Answer 26

serratus posterior superior

Question 27

originate from on spinous processes of C7 and T1-T3; course down and laterally to insert just beyond angles of ribs 2-5

Answer 27

serratus posterior superior

Question 28

elevates anterior rib cage and sternum

Answer 28

sternocleidomastoid

Question 29

scalenes (elevate and increase what)

Answer 29

anterior, middle, and posterior muscle; elevate the first and second ribs, increase vertical dimension of thorax

Question 30

elevates sternum

Answer 30

pectoralis major

Question 31

increases transverse dimension of rib cage

Answer 31

pectoralis minor

Question 32

elevates ribs 1-9

Answer 32

serratus anterior function

Question 33

elevates rib 1

Answer 33

subclavius

Question 34

elevates scapula and supports neck

Answer 34

levator scapulae

Question 35

elongates neck and controls head

Answer 35

trapezius

Question 36

stabilizes shoulder girdle

Answer 36

rhomboideus major and rhomboideus minor

Question 37

originates at sternum and fans out to humerus

Answer 37

pectoralis major

Question 38

originates on anterior surface of ribs 2-5 and inserts into scapula

Answer 38

pectoralis minor

Question 39

originates from ribs 1-9 and runs upward to scapula

Answer 39

serratus anterior

Question 40

originates from inferior surface of clavicle and inserts to superior surface of rib 1

Answer 40

subclavius

Question 41

originates from transverse processes of C1-C4 and inserts in scapula

Answer 41

levator scapulae

Question 42

originates from spinous processes of C2-T12 and inserts into scapula

Answer 42

trapezius

Question 43

originates from spinous processes of T2-T5 and runs down and lateral to the scapula

Answer 43

rhomboideus major

Question 44

originates from spinous processes of C7 and T1 and runs down and lateral to scapula

Answer 44

rhomboideus minor