Lecture 31 - Emerging treatments for drug dependence: clinical evaluation Flashcards
despite variation in the population with drug use, we are still considered…
a drinking culture
What is a substance use disorder?
drug use resulting in harm - chronic
substance dependence means there is ____ addition
physiological addiction
The prevalence rates of alcohol use disorders make it a
high-prevalence disorders
lifetime risk disorder - 20%
There is a nationa epidemic what what disorder, which is still increasing?
opioid use disorders
What are classes as endemics?
cannabis and methanphetamine, ‘synthetics’
The overwhelming majority of those which substance abuse disorders start when?
establish before third decade of life
Those who need to drink alot more to be at the same level of intoxication are at greater risk of….
DEVELOPING DEPENDENCE ON alcohol
There are some genetic links
______ can help predict the outcome of treatment for alcohol dependence
genetics
ASP40 variant gives 4x chance of responding positively to drug treatment
What are some notes on Nicotine as a drug dependence in need of treatment?
most smokers are ‘addicted
Quit strategy:
Nicotine replacement therapy - gun, lozenge, patch - works best for higher grades of addiction )front line treatment)
relapse prevention rugs - Varenciline (partial agonsit of nicotinic receptor), Bupropion - matched for different patients.
Immunotherapy - controversial
What is the mechanism of alochol withdrawal syndrome?
chronic drinking > downregulate GABA and upregualte Glutamate (NMDA) = Neuroadaptation; (to require tolerance)
reversal of neuroadaptation = hyper adrenergic state and excess glutaminergic (irritable)
What is the medical management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome?
Thiamine, Fluids - facilitates GABA binding
naltrexone is relapse prevention - reduced the ‘hit’ of having the frothy
What are the main medical complications of heroin addiciton?
how the drug is taken
- transmitting blood born diseases
can be minimised by syringe exchange, support networks
