lecture 31 Flashcards
which apolipoprotein binds to the ldl receptor
apoE
major apolipoprotein in the HDL
ApoA-1
what producted VLDLs
liver from TAG
_____ lipoproteins (HDLs) are tiny compared to ______ lipoproteins (VLDLs, IDLs, LDLs)
ApoA-1, ApoB
when particles get smaller, the content of TAG goes
down, while content of protein goes up
what synthesizes 20% of our endogenous cholesterol
liver
where is cholesterol synthesis
cytosol
where is sterol metabolism
smooth er
first stage of cholesterol synthesis
3 acetate units to mevalonate
second stage of cholesterol synthesis
mevalonate to activated isoprene
3rd stage of cholesterol synthesis
polymerization of siz 5-carbon isoprene units to form squalene
4th stage of cholesterol synthesis
cyclization of squalene to create the steroid nucleus
is cholesterol energy producing
no
what remians intact during cholesterol catabolism
rings
how is cholesterol eliminated
biliary system
what hydrolyzes cholesterol
esterases to the free form
where is cholesterol secreted
directly into the bile canaliculi
fatty acids are built in several passes, processing one ________ unit at a time
acetate
acetate is coming from activated ____ in the form of _____
malonate, malonyl-coa
each pass involves reduction of a carbonyl carbon to a _________ carbon
methylene
steps of FA synthesis
- condensation of the growing chain with activated acetate
- reduction of carbonyl to hydroxl
- dehydration of alcohol to trans-alkene
- reduction of alkene to alkane
where is acetyl coa made
mitochondria
after lipolysis, FA are transported in the blood system conjugated to
plasma albumin
