exam review

Question 1

how does glucose contrivute to fa

Answer 1

glycerol

Question 2

how do amino acids contribute to fa

Answer 2

oxoloacetate and pyruvate

Question 3

in adipocytes, what does glucose do

Answer 3

metabolized to make acetyl coa, converted to fatty acids

Question 4

what acts of TAG in chylomicrons to cause free fatty acids and MAG to enter the adipocyte

Answer 4

lipoprotein lipase

Question 5

are ketone bodies futher oxidized in the liver

Answer 5

no

Question 6

complex lipids

Answer 6

lipids that contain fatty acids

Question 7

types of complex lipids

Answer 7

storage lipids and membrane lipids

Question 8

lipids that do not contain fatty acids

Answer 8

cholesterol, vitamins, pigments, etc

Question 9

omega 3 fa

Answer 9

alpha linolenic acid
epa
dha

Question 10

omega 6 fa

Answer 10

lineleic acid
arachidonic acid

Question 11

a-linolenic acid

Answer 11

18:3 n-3

Question 12

linoleic acid

Answer 12

18:2 n-6

Question 13

which type of omega fa cause the pro-inflammatory cox 2

Answer 13

6

Question 14

which type of omega fa cause the anti-inflammatory cox 2

Answer 14

3

Question 15

olestra is _____ linked by _____ bonds to several long chain FA

Answer 15

sucrose, ester

Question 16

why cant enzymes break down olestra

Answer 16

cannot cleave fatty acid groups from sucrose backbone

Question 17

what does olestra inhibit the absorption of

Answer 17

fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)
cartenoids

Question 18

what enzymes does orlistat inhibit

Answer 18

gastric and pancreatic lipase

Question 19

lipolysis

Answer 19

process by which triaglycerols break down via hydrolysis into their constituent molecules: glycerol and free fatty acids

Question 20

where does the glycerol produced by lipolysis go

Answer 20

source of carbon for gluconeogenesis in the liver

Question 21

draw beta oxidation

Answer 21

do it

Question 22

steps of odd chain fatty acid oxidation

Answer 22

propionyl coa -> methylmalonyl coa -> succinyl coa

Question 23

what can pass straight into the mitochondiral matrix

Answer 23

short chian fatty acids

Question 24

which type of fatty acids need a carrier to unter the mitochondiral matrix

Answer 24

long chain

Question 25

where is carnitine from

Answer 25

lysine and methionine

Question 26

why would free glycerol not be used in adipocytes

Answer 26

they dont contain the enzyme glycerol - 3 - phosphasphatease

Question 27

does cholesterol produce energy

Answer 27

no

Question 28

what is cholesterol used for

Answer 28

membrane stability synthesis of bile acids, sex hormones, vit d, corticosteroids

Question 29

cholesterol bad stuff

Answer 29

hypercholesterolemia (high blood cholesterol) dysregulation of cholesterol synthesis athereosclerosis (heart attack or stroke)

Question 30

what is most of the cholesterol in the diet

Answer 30

ester, must be hydrolyzed

Question 31

how does cholesterol pass through the lumen enterocyte membrane

Answer 31

micelles facilitated by energy independent transporter protein (NPC1L1)

Question 32

types of fatty acid transport system proteins

Answer 32

FATP FABP FAT (fatty acid translocase)

Question 33

VLDL mostly

Answer 33

triacylglycerol

Question 34

LDL mostly

Answer 34

cholesterol

Question 35

HDL mostly

Answer 35

protein

Question 36

chylomicron mostly

Answer 36

triacylglycerol

Question 37

does fatty acid absorption into enterocyte require energy

Answer 37

no

Question 38

what fatty acids passively diffuse into the enterocytes

Answer 38

SCFA

Question 39

types of fatty acid binding proteins

Answer 39

FATP, FABP, FAT

Question 40

where does lipolysis happen

Answer 40

cytoplasm of adipocytes