lecture 29

Question 1

COX-1

Answer 1

synthesis of prostaglandins that regulate gastric mucin secretion

Question 2

COX-2

Answer 2

catalyzes synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate pain, inflammation, and gever

Question 3

________ saturated fats are less than likely to promote insulin resistance, inflammation, and fat storage compared to _________ saturated fatty acids

Answer 3

medium-chain, long-chain

Question 4

____ acid and _____ acid have increased FA oxidation rate, more likely to be burned for energy and less likely to be stored in adipose tissue than ______ sf

Answer 4

lauric, oleic, long chian

Question 5

______ PUFA may contribute to ______, whereas ________ PUFA may be protective

Answer 5

omega 6, obesity, omega 3

Question 6

cholesterol purpose

Answer 6

membrane stability
synthesis of bile acids, sex hormones, corticosteroids, vitamin D

Question 7

digestion of lipids in the mouth

Answer 7

minor amount of digestion
lingual lipase produced in the salivary glands
TA turned into DA

Question 8

digestion of lipids in the stomach

Answer 8

gastric lipase producted in the stomach
TA turned into DA

Question 9

digestion of lipids in the samll intestine

Answer 9

phase 1: emulsification (bile, no lipase)
- emuslified TA, diglycerides, fatty acid micelles
phase II: enzymatic digestion (pancreatic lipase produced in pancreas)
- monoglycerides and fatty acids

Question 10

colipase

Answer 10

protein anchoring lipase to the lipid

Question 11

lipid enterase

Answer 11

secreted by pancreas, acts on cholesterol esters, activated by bile

Question 12

phospholipases

Answer 12

cleave phospholipids, activated by trypsin

Question 13

orlistat (xenical)

Answer 13

inhibitor of gastric and pancreatic lipase developed to reduce absorption of dietary TAG