Lecture 3 Questions Flashcards
COMPONENTS OF LTM SYSTEM
what are the major distinctions the 2 types of declarative memory?
- episodic memory - specific personal experiences from a particular time and place
- semantic memory - world, object, language, knowledge and conceptual priming
COMPONENTS OF LTM SYSTEM
what types of information are represented in each of the non-declarative memory systems? are overlapping regions involved in representing non- and declarative memory?
- procedural
- priming
- associative
- non-associative
- procedural - any skill that improves with repeated practice [caudate, putamen, premotor cortex]
- priming - unconscious improvement in identifying/processing a stimulus as a result of the stimulus being previously shown [neocortex]
- associative - classical conditioning - [amygdala, hippocampus]
- non-associative - [reflexive pathways]
STUDYING HM: cognitive impairments
which aspects of his performance represented
- anterograde amnesia
- retrograde amnesia
what are the implications from these observation on the nature of long term memory “storage sites” in the brain?
- anterograde amnesia
- couldn’t remember new way home
- couldn’t learn/remember new names, people, events - retrograde amnesia
- didn’t have memory for people, places, event for 3 years prior to his surgery
implications
- mtl has an essential role in acquiring new knowledge (bc couldn’t learn)
- mtl interacts w/other structures for storing LTM (bc he could learn procedural tasks)
- consolidation from STM to LTM requires time (bc he couldn’t remember 3 years before)
- mtl plays a role in converting new events to LTM (bc he couldn’t store anything after it was gone)
- mtl is not the site for LTM (bc he could still remember memories from childhood)
STUDYING HM
how did the cognitive functions that were spared after surgery lead to the concept of “multiple memory systems”
HM was still able to learn procedural memory tasks, which meant there are multiple ways for someone to learn something
STUDYING HM
how is the DNMTS task used to assess short term memory functioning
in the delayed non-match to sample task, primate is presented an object and given a reward when he picks it up; a varied time delay is applied; primate is presented w/ original object and a second object; declares memory for object by picking up the original
MISHKIN, 1978, 1998, 1993
how did the procedures for producing lesions in both studies:
- explain why severe memory impairments are produced following aspiration lesions of the medial temporal lobes in humans/primates change the view on the role of the hippocampus in LTM storage?
- identify the importance of the rhinal cortical structures in memory
- because other structures were affected (aka rhinal cortex), it was no longer possible to say that it was solely on the hippocampus to play a role in the LTM storage
- Neural Pathways Involved in ENCODING Several Features of Learning Experiences, Connect to the Rhinal Cortex
RHINAL CORTEX
which brain areas provide the major source of inputs to each rhinal structure?
- Perirhinal - Ventral visual stream (WHAT) - lateral entorhinal cortex
- Postrhinal (parahippocampal) - Dorsal visual stream (WHERE) - medial entorhinal cortex
RHINAL CORTEX
which brain areas provide the major source of inputs to each rhinal structure?
- Perirhinal - Inferotemporal & PFC - Ventral visual stream (WHAT) - lateral entorhinal cortex
- Postrhinal (parahippocampal) - Prestriate & Posterior Parietal (all info) - Dorsal visual stream (WHERE) - medial entorhinal cortex
RHINAL CORTEX
what type of information is received by each structure?
- Perirhinal - Inferotemporal & PFC - Ventral visual stream (WHAT) - lateral entorhinal cortex
- Postrhinal (parahippocampal) - Prestriate & Posterior Parietal (all info) - Dorsal visual stream (WHERE) - medial entorhinal cortex
