Lecture 3 - Photosynthesis pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

3 Major reactions in the Calvin cycle

Fixation or ________ reaction

A

carboxylation

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2
Q

3 Major reactions in the Calvin cycle

__________ or conversion of sugars to different forms

A

reduction

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3
Q

3 major reactions in the Calvin cycle

__________ or use of energy to regenerate RUBP

A

regeneration

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4
Q

Photorespiration

uses ______ ATP and _______ NADPH for every oxygenation of RuBP

A

5, 3

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5
Q

Photorespiration results in (lower/higher) rate of dry matter production because of (lower/higher) photosynthetic efficiency

A

lower, lower

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6
Q

Category of plants based on their Carbon fixation pathway

the first stable intermediate has three carbons enter the Calvin cycle directly

A

C3 plants

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7
Q

example of C3 plants

A

rice, wheat, soybeans

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8
Q

Category of plants based on their Carbon fixation pathway

first incorporate carbon dioxide into four-carbon compounds before Calvin cycle

A

C4 plants

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9
Q

example of C4 plants

A

corn, sugarcane

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10
Q

C4 plants’ Carbon fixation pathway is adaptive, because it enhances carbon fixation under conditions that favor photorespiration, such as ________, ________ environments

A

hot, arid

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11
Q

C4 pathway is also called _______-_______ pathway because photosynthetic reactions occur in separate cells (________ and ________ ________ cells)

A

hatch-slack, mesophyll, bundle sheath

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12
Q

Mesophyll cells in C4 plants have an additional enzyme, PEP carboxylase or ________

A

phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase

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13
Q

C4 photosynthesis

1) CO2 enters _________ cells
2) PEP is carboxylated to form OAA or ___________ acid
3) OAA is converted to _________
4) Malate is transported to __________ __________ cells through malate pump
5) __________ is released via decarboxylation and enters Calvin cycle
6) Rubisco in the Calvin cycle acts as a ___________ always

A

mesophyll
ocaloacetic
malate
bundle sheath
CO2
carboxylase

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14
Q

True or False. All plants have both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions

A

True

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15
Q

CAM pathway meaning

A

Crassulacean acid metabolism

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16
Q

Examples of CAM plants

A

cacti, succulents, pineapple

17
Q

CAM exhibited by plants in what type of environment?

A

hot, dry, arid

18
Q

in CAM plants, light and dark reactions are separated in time (__________ separation)

  • stomata open at _______ to allow entry of CO2
  • C4 pathway occurs at ________
  • Calvin cycle occurs in ________
A

temporal

night
night
daylight

19
Q

C3 vs C4 vs CAM

light intensity?

A

C3: normal light
C4: high light intensity

20
Q

C3 vs C4 vs CAM

environmental conditions?

A

C3: cool and moist
C4: high temperatures
CAM: arid conditions

21
Q
A