Lecture 2 - Crop Science Flashcards
Any organism belonging to the Kingdom Plantae, typically lacking of active
locomotion or obvious nervous system or sensory organs and has photosynthetic ability.
Plant
Domesticated/cultivated plants grown for profit, human food, or animal feed.
Crop
Two groups of science practitioners?
theoretical, academic, or basic scientist and applied scientist
How do we identify/classify plants? (1/3)
Taxonomic classification based on ___________ and other markers
morphology
How do we identify/classify plants? (2/3)
___________-based on environmental adaptation, growth habit, other observable features
descriptive
How do we identify/classify plants? (3/3)
classification based on _________ relationship
phylogenetic
5 agricultural classification
useful vs not useful, vary from place to place, differences in the primary usage, intensity of care, extent of cultivation
What is the most important and commonly used method of classifying plants which is based on descent or phylogenetic relationship of plants?
botanical method
Approximately more than __________ plant species have already been identified.
300,000
What is the study of plant classification?
taxonomy
True or False. Taxonomy is dynamic and changes as new knowledge becomes available.
True
Four divisions of phyla of the plant kingdom has been identified by ____________ in 1833.
Eichler
Four divisions of phyla of the plant kingdom identified by Eichler have since been expanded by modern taxonomists to ____ divisions
28
(1/4) Phyla including algae, bacteria, and fungi?
thallophyta
(2/4) Phyla including small green plants without true roots or flowers e.g. mosses?
bryophyta
(3/4) Phyla including green plants with vascular tissue, true roots, and usually distinct leaves e.g. psilophytes, club mosses, horsetails, ferns?
pteridophyta
(4/4) Phyla including all seed-bearing plants that bear true flowers?
spermatophyta
The spermatophyta division is subdivided into 2 groups:
gymnosperms, angiosperms
Spermatophyta subdivision that include all plants with naked seeds e.g. pine trees?
gymnosperms
Spermatophyta subdivision that include plants with seed enclosed in a vessel?
angiosperms
Angiosperms are further divided into 2 classes called:
monocotyledon, dicotyledon
6 Classification of Crops
manner of culture, use, climatic requirement, mode of reproduction, length of life cycle, habitat
Vegetable Family classification:
any of several brassicas (as broccoli, kale, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, and kohlrabi) derived from the same wild cabbage (Brassica oleracea)
cole crops or crucifers
Vegetable Family Classification:
consist of squash, pumpkin, zucchini, and gourds
cucurbits
Broccoli, kale, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower are all derived from the same wild cabbage called?
Brassica oleracea
In contrast to Cucurbita, this genera consists mostly of inedible gourds
Lagenaria
Vegetable Family classification:
refers to the plants whose fruit is enclosed in a pod.
legumes
In a legume, this refers only to the dried seed
pulse
Solanaceous includes several fruits of the family:
Solanaceae
Solanaceae consists of the 3 genera:
Solanum, Capsicum, Lycopersicon
any of a genus of erect perennial leafy-stemmed bulbous herbs
lilies
Vegetable family classification:
Lilies include any of a genus __________ of the family ___________.
Lilium, Liliaceae
Special purpose classification:
crops (usually legumes) grown for a specific period and then plowed under and incorporated into the soil to improve soil fertility
green manure
Special purpose classification:
fast-growing crops grown simultaneously with or between successive plantings of a main crop
catch
Special purpose classification:
crop grown primarily to provide ground cover to improve soil properties, control erosion and or control weeds
cover
Special purpose classification:
a crop planted in proximity to another due to the benefits it confer to the other plant (insect-repelling qualities)
companion
Special purpose classification:
a plant grown to protect the main crop from biotic and abiotic factors
trap
Special purpose classification:
forage crops which are cut when green and succulent and are fed to livestock without curing
soilage
Special purpose classification:
crops harvested, processed and stored in succulent condition for feeds to livestock
silage
