Lecture 3 - Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Five major physiological processes of plants?

A

photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, translocation of nutrients, nutrient uptake

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2
Q

They produce their own food through photosynthesis

A

autotrophs

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3
Q

what do you call the food of plants

A

glucose

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4
Q

Where does photosynthesis mainly occur?

A

leaves

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5
Q

True or False. Photosynthesis is the manufacture of sugars and its precursors by all plants in the presence of light and chlorophyll.

A

False.

Photosynthesis only happens in green plants.

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6
Q

chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 12 H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

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7
Q

Carbon dioxide is taken from the air through the ____________

A

stomata

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8
Q

Water is absorbed from the ____________ by the ___________ and is transported in the ____________ to sites of photosynthesis.

A

soil, roots, xylem

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9
Q

______ of the total world’s photosynthetic output occurs in the oceans, and the remaining ________ by land plants. Among the land plants, about ________ is accounted for by forest and grasslands, while the remaining ________ by cultivated crops.

A

90%, 10%, 7-8%, 2-3%

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10
Q

light energy (_______) + water (H2O) –> glucose

A

photons

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11
Q

How many membranes does the chloroplast have? What is this called?

A

2, bi-layer

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12
Q

Sub-organelles where photosynthesis takes place

A

thylakoids

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13
Q

A stack of thylakoids is called ________?

A

granum / grana

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14
Q

What is the space surrounding the grana?

A

stroma

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15
Q

Found in the green internal organs of the chloroplast and embedded in the thylakoid membrane

A

chlorophyll molecules

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16
Q

Chlorophyll acts like a light ________ and absorb energy from sunlight/solar radiation

A

antenna

17
Q

Leaf is an ideal organ for photosynthesis because:

1) its typically ________ form
2) its usually _________ angle to incident light
3) its __________ internal surface

A

expanded, perpendicular, extensive

18
Q

A typical mature mesophyll cell of higher plants contain about _________ chloroplasts

A

50

19
Q

True or False. Chlorophyll a is ALWAYS found in all plants, while chlorophyll b may be replaced by some other isomers in some plant species.

A

True

20
Q

Basic unit of the chlorophyll

A

porphyrin ring system

21
Q

The center of porphyrin is occupied by a single ___________ atom

A

magnesium

22
Q

Absorption of wavelength in the green region of the spectrum is (high / low) as green is typically ____________

A

low, reflected

23
Q

True or False. The Calvin Cycle is light-dependent.

A

False

24
Q

3 inputs from the environment required for photosynthesis to proceed

A

sunlight / visible light, CO2, water

25
Q

Photosynthesis is most efficient in the ___________ range (425-450 nm) and ___________ range (600-700 nm)

A

blue, red

26
Q

Describe how light energy is harvested by plants

A

light energy hits a chlorophyll molecule –> the energy from light is transferred from one chlorophyll molecule to another –> electron transfer to a primary electron acceptor

27
Q

Clusters of thylakoid membranes (with chlorophyll pigments) that harvest light energy

A

photosystem

28
Q

1 molecule of CO2 fixed / used to make glucose uses ______ ATP and _______ NADPH

A

3, 2

29
Q

Major enzyme involved in the fixation of carboxylation in the Calvin cycle

A

Rubisco

30
Q

True or False. Rubisco can function as carboxylase and oxygenase.

A

True

31
Q

the process wherein Rubisco acts as an oxygenase to produce 1 molecule of 3 PG and 1 molecule of CO2

A

photorespiration

32
Q

For MAXIMUM photosynthesis, we want Rubisco to act as a (carboxylase / oxygenase) always

A

carboxylase

33
Q

rate of photorespiration is stimulated by four factors:

______ light levels, ______ O2 levels, ______ CO2 levels, ______ temperatures

A

high, high, low, high

34
Q

photorespiration loses _____% of the carbon it takes from the Calvin cycle wasteful process

A

25%

35
Q

Photorespiration is a ________ process and is exhibited by C__ plants

A

wasteful, C3

36
Q
A
36
Q
A