lecture 3 - lipid metabolism Flashcards
What are the most common lipid molecules?
fatty acids
Where are the 3 places that fatty acids come from?
- Diet
- Adipose tissue
- De novo synthesis ( made from carbohydrates and some amino acids)
What does the liver do?
produces and releases bile
What does the gall bladder do?
Stores bile
What is bile?
contains bile acids and bile salts which acts as detergents emulsifying the lipids and forming smaller droplets of fats
What does the pancreas do?
produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate solution
What is the name for enzymes that digest fats?
lipases
What is the action of triacylglycerol lipase?
Triacylglycerol ( 95% of dietary fat) converted to …
…1,2diacylglycerol + fatty acid to …
…2 acylglycerol + fatty acid
Is triacylglycerol lipase more hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
hydrophilic , however its substrate is quite hydrophobic ( triacylglycerol)
What is the action of phospholipase A2?
acts upon the phospholipids to aid their digestion by removing the fatty acid from position C2
How are lipids transported?
Via lipoprotein complexes
Which lipoprotein complex is the least dense
chylomicrons
Where are chylomicrons produced?
In the intestinal epithelial cell walls. Exocytosis into the lymphatic vessel
Where is lipoprotein lipase found?
capillary surfaces
What activates lipoprotein lipase?
Activated by Apo - C2 of chylomicrons
What does lipoprotein lipase do?
breaks down triacylglycerols into fatty acids and monoacylglycerols
What happens to the chylomicrons when lipoprotein lipase acts?
- chylomicrons shrink
- return in the blood to the live r where they are processed into VLDL
