Lecture 3- Functional Localisation of the Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
Function of cerebral cortex
Conscious awareness and thought, memory and intellect
Region to which all all sensory modalities ascend, are consciously perceived and interpreted based on previous experience
Highest level at which motor systems are represented
Where actions are conceived and initiated
Sensory modalities that do not ascend to cerebral cortex
Reflexes
Unconscious proprioception
- Where your body is in space
Ascends to cerebellum instead
Architectonics
The description of variation in appearance of cell layers of cerebral cortex, or pattern of myelin staining
Architectonic characteristics
Layer thickness Composition of cells Enzyme levels Myelination patterns Developmental profiles Input and Output relationships
Motor- Frontal lobe areas
Primary motor cortex Premotor area Frontal eye field Prefrontal cortex Broca's expressive speech
Primary motor cortex
Area 4
Precentral gyrus and wall of central sulcus
Movement
Premotor area
Area 6
Anterior to precentral gyrus
For internal urge to carry out a movement
Programs skill motor activity
Frontal eye fields
Area 8
Anterior to premotor area
Controls voluntary conjugate movement of eye
Prefrontal cortex
Areas 9, 10, 12, 32, and all other remaining
Highest brain functions
Abstract thinking, anticipated effects, social behaviour etc
Broca’s expressive speech
Area 44
Inferior frontal gyrus
Contralateral to hand dominance
Sensory- Parietal lobe areas
Primary somesthetic area
2nd somethetic area
Somesthetic association area
Primary somesthetic area
Areas 3, 1, 2 Postcentral gyrus Tactile sense Tingling sensation Fine touch Position Movements of parts of the body
2nd somesthetic area
Medial surface of postcentral gyrus
Less discriminative sensation
Somesthetic association area
Superior parietal lobule
Identification of 3 dimensional object held in hand without looking
Vision- Occipital lobe areas
Primary visual cortex
Association visual cortex
