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Histology Exam 1 > Lecture 3: Epithelial Tissues > Flashcards

Lecture 3: Epithelial Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

side of cell that faces the external environment

A

apical domain

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2
Q

side of cell that is in contact with neighbor cells

A

basolateral domain

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3
Q

side of cell in contact with the basal lamina

A

basal domain

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4
Q

what are the 3 germ layers epithelial tissues are derived from?

A

ectoderm
endoderm
mesoderm

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5
Q

ectoderm

A

epidermis and glands

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6
Q

endoderm

A

lining of GI tract and glands

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7
Q

mesoderm

A

lining of blood vessels

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8
Q

epithelial tissues rest upon a _____ .

A

basement membrane

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9
Q

components of the BM

A

basal lamina

reticular lamina

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10
Q

BM layer next to epithelial layer

A

basal lamina
composed of type IV collagen and glycoproteins
PAS+

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11
Q

BM layer not next to the epithelial layer

A

reticular lamina
in contact with underlying CT
composed of: argyrophilic fibers, reticular fibers, glycoproteins

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12
Q

functions of the BM

A

selective filtration barrier
scaffolding for genesis and regeneration
stabilize tissue shape

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13
Q

simple vs. stratified

A

one vs. more than one layers

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14
Q

shapes of epithelial cells

A

squamous — flattened
cuboidal —- height = width
columnar —- height > width

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15
Q

special categories of epithelia

A

pseudostratified

transitional

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16
Q

other name for transitional epithelium

A

urothelium

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17
Q

what makes urothelium special?

A

changes shape depending upon volume within cavity

all cells are in contact with basal lamina

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18
Q

what makes pseudostratified special?

A

appears stratified but all calls are in contract with basal lamina
nuclei are at different height
lower = stem cells

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19
Q

surface modifications

A

cilia
stereocilia
microvilli

20
Q

lightly keratinized

A

vagina

esophagus

21
Q

heavily keratinized

A

skin

22
Q

what does it mean to be keratinized?

A

cells are dead
have no organelles or nucleus
are filled with the protein keratin

23
Q

keratin is responsible for making our skin ______ .

A

waterproof

24
Q

which domains of epithelial cells have surface modifications?

A

apical domain

25
Q

junctions between basolateral domains

A

tight junctions — seals
no extracellular matrix
keeps cells together and create barriers
can be leaky or tight barriers

26
Q

brush border

A

microvilli

27
Q

finger like projections

A

cilia

28
Q

finger like projections that are non-motile

A

stereocilia

longer than cilia and can be branched

29
Q

simple squamous locations

A

lining of ducts, vessels, tubular structures
walls of alveoli
inner surface of membranes
tympanic membrane

30
Q

simple cuboidal locations

A

kidney tubules
ovary surface
glands and ducts

31
Q

simple columnar locations

A 
intestinal cells
upper respiratory tract
uterine tubes
uterus
digestive tract
32
Q

stratified squamous locations

A

keratinized - skin, cornea

light/non - esophagus, vagina, mouth lining, tongue, epiglottis

33
Q

stratified cuboidal locations

A

very rare
anal mucosa
male urethra
large excretory ducts

34
Q

stratified columnar locations

A 
very rare
ducts of sweat glands
whites of the eye
male reproductive/urinary tract
pharynx
epiglottis
35
Q

pseudostratified locations

A

trachea

epididymis

36
Q

transitional locations

A

urinary system

37
Q

types of epithelium involved in secretion and absorption

A

simple or pseudostratified epithelium

simple columnar

38
Q

microvilli properties

A

non-motile brush border

supported by cross-linked actin bundles

39
Q

microvilli function

A

to increase surface area of absorption

40
Q

microvilli locations

A

intestinal epithelium

renal tubules

41
Q

microvilli structure

A

actin filament core

formin cap on distal end of actin filaments

42
Q

microvilli core properties

A

extends into terminal web of cytoskeleton

core filaments are cross-linked by villin and fimbrin

43
Q

cilia structure

A

9 peripheral doublets

central pair of microtubules

44
Q

cilia doublets

A

consists of an alpha and beta tubules

45
Q

alpha tubule

A

of the cilia doublet
contains: 13 protofilaments
radial spokes that extend to sheath around central pair
spokes help anchor the tubule
pairs of dynein arms that extend to neighbor tubule’s beta unit

46
Q

beta tubule

A

of the cilia doublet
smaller than the alpha and only half a circle
10-11 protofilaments

47
Q

cilia functions

A

either move mucous back and forth
or
move the cell not surround material

Histology Exam 1 (8 decks)

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