Lecture 3: Culture and psychopathology

Question 1

inequity in mental health

Answer 1

• psychotherapy less effective among minorities
• minority patients higher risk of dropout
• treatments are less intensive among minorities

Question 1

wat zegt de dsm 5 over cultuur

Answer 1

“The ultimate goal of a clinical case
formulation is to use the available
contextual and diagnostic
information in developing a
comprehensive treatment plan that
is informed by the individual’s
cultural and social context.”

Question 2

Our theories & definitions of mental disorders are largely based on western (Euro-American) norms, views, values and concepts.

Answer 2

oke

Question 3

cultural dimensions

Answer 3

collectivism - individualism
interdependent selfconcept - independent selfconcept
traditional gender roles - nontraditional gender roles
emotional expressiveness - emotional inhibition
supernatural - material

Question 4

3 cultural definitions of pathology of the past

Answer 4

• homosexuality
• frigidity (women who are not able to orgasm during penetration)
• drapetomania (obsessive need among slaves to flee)

Question 5

culture’s impact on distress

Answer 5

• affects norms and values
• emphasizes symptoms
• type of symptoms expressed (anorexia, taijin kyofusho)
• beliefs about the boundary between normal and abnormal
• language and communication affect the expression of symptoms
• beliefs determine the experience and explanation of symptoms

Question 6

cultural concepts of distress

Answer 6

• Idioms of distress
• Cultural syndromes
• Explanatory models of illness (EMs)

Question 7

idioms of distress=

Answer 7

Culturally constituted experiences and expressions of distress, which are associated with culturally pervasive values, norms and health concerns, and initiate particular types of interaction (burnout, spirits)

Question 8

explanatory models of illness

Answer 8

• Causes
• Timing
• Pathophysiology
• Course (nature, severity)
• Preference for treatment

Question 9

hoe meer de patients en therapists psychological explanations overeenkomen, hoe beter de attendance en treatment outcome

Answer 9

oke

Question 10

cultural formation 4 onderdelen

Answer 10

1. cultural definition of the problem
2. cultural perceptions of cause, context and support
3. cultural factors affecting self-coping and past help seeking
4. cultural factors affecting current help seeking