Lecture 3 Flashcards
What is inclusive design?
products/services that are accessible to and usable by, as many people as reasonably possible… without the need for special adaptation or specialised design.
What is BS 8878?
Web accessibility code of practice.
States that the process of developing the product has followed a standard where educated decisions about accessibility have been made.
Who is responsible for accessibility?
During design: UX Specialist, Interaction Designer, Information Architect, Accessibility Lead
During Implementation: Developer
After release: Content editors
What 4 challenges are there when following the UCD process at the User Research stage?
- Users with very wide range of characteristics and capabilities, therefore how do you include all of them?
- Specialised and little known requirements
- Conflicts between requirements due to different user groups.
- Users only involved indirectly or not at all.
What 3 challenges are there when following the UCD process at the Design stage?
- Usability often put before accessibility
- Accessibility is sometimes considered as an ‘add-on’
- Guidelines ignored or not understood
What 2 challenges are there when following the UCD process at the Evaluation stage?
- No or limited access to users
- When something isn’t properly understood, it is difficult to evaluate.
Give four points on ethical considerations that students need to consider.
- There is a risk to the researcher as well as participants
- You need informed consent
- Participants may be vulnerable because of their social, psychological or medical circumstances.
- May need a DBS check
What three user research deliverables could you develop in UCD?
- Personas
- Scenarios
- Task Analysis
What is a persona and what would you include in it (4 points)?
Personas are hypothetical archetypes of users.
Personas that include accessibility include:
- Nature of their limitation (e.g. blind, unable to use mouse, operating in noisy environment)
- Special tools or assistive technology used (e.g. uses screen magnifier to read text <16 pt)
- Experience and skills with the relevant tools or assistive technology.
- Frequency of use of relevant tools or assistive technology.
What are 2 limitations of inclusive personas?
- Designers may assume that information from one persona with a disability applies to all people with disabilities.
- Personas usually cover the “most important” user groups…. or spending power or largest group.
What 7 design principles are most important for blind users?
- Descriptive page title
- Skip links
- Minimise screenreader “noise”
- ALT text
- Headings (inc. invisible headings)
- Descriptive links (front-loaded)
- Use lists for menus
What 8 design principles are most important for partially sighted users?
- Resizable text
- Visible font resizer
- Text not embedded in images
- Large headings
- High contrast links
- Sufficient colour contrast
- Minimise large areas of white space
- Use colour blocking to aid navigation and location feedback
What 4 design principles are most important for motor impaired users?
- Make sure everything can be done via a keyboard
- Focus state for links
- Visible skip link
- Large link target
What 8 design principles are most important for cognitively impaired users?
- Clear and simple language
- Descriptive headings and link text
- Front-loaded paragraphs with 1 idea
- Lists
- Customisable font size, style & colours
- User control: animation and timed elements
- Good amount of white space
- Grouping to help with organisation
List some ways to deal with prioritisation
Features
- Which ones are essential for use? - How frequently are they used? - How many of the features in your product are affected?
Users
- Which features prevent use for certain user groups or cause difficulties? - Conduct an Impact Analysis: how much of the problem for how many users.
