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Anatomy for AAs > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 functional spaces of the head?

A

cranial orbital ears nares oral

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2
Q

What are the 3 organizations of the skull?

A

neurocranium- top and sides basicranium- protects underneath face -front

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3
Q

What are the bones of the skull?

A

frontal bone nasal bone maxilla zygomatic bone Mandible inferior nasal concha temporal bone parietal bone occipital bone sphenoid bone Lacrimal bone palentine bones (last of hard palate) Vomer ethmoid bone

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4
Q

What is the notch in the orbital of the eye and why is it important?

A

supra-orbital notch (foramen) important for nerve blocks for the forehead

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5
Q

What is the foramen of the maxilla and why is it important?

A

infraorbital foramen important for local anesthetic for the lower eyelid to the upper lip and side of the nose (half an inch below orbital)

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6
Q

What is the foramen of the mandible?

A

mental foramen important for nerve block lower lip and chin

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7
Q

What is special about the occipital bone?

A

important for movement of the head bc it meets with spinal bones spinal column runs through it

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8
Q

What is special about the lacrimal bone?

A

hold tears for when you fail your test

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9
Q

What does the vomer bone do?

A

separates the nose into two septum

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10
Q

What is the foramen magnum?

A

Passageway for spinal cord

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11
Q

What nerve does the sphenoid bone provide passage for?

A

trigeminal nerve

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12
Q

What does CN1 travel through to get to the nare?

A

the cribiform plates

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13
Q

What is the sella turcica and what sits inside of it?

A

the pituitary gland, the depression in the sphenoid bone

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14
Q

What are the foramen and the cranial nerves that they travel through?

A

See Slide 11

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15
Q

What is the opening from the outside to the nose?

A

Nare

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16
Q

what is the opening from the nose to the nasopharynx?

A

choanae

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17
Q

What are the extra bones in the nose that separate the nasal pathway?

A

superior, middle, and inferior concha they come from the lateral walls

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18
Q

What is the point of the concha?

A

increase the surface area for nasal endothelium (it is thick and spongy)

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19
Q

What are the spaces created by the concha called?

A

superior, middle, and inferior nasal meatus

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20
Q

What is important about the inferior nasal meatus?

A

It is were you would pass a nasogastric tube passes for anesthetic

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21
Q

What is the spheno-ethmoidal recess?

A

where the CN1 comes down

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22
Q

What makes up the nasal septum?

A

ethmoid bone, vomer, and septal cartilage

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23
Q

How many vertebral bones are there?

A

33

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24
Q

What are the regions of the vertebrae?

A

Cervical (7) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) Sacral (5 fused) Coccygeal (4 fused)

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25
Q

What are the types of curvatures of the spine?

A

Primary (1): kyphosis Secondary (2): lordosis functioning for center of gravity and upright posture with no muscular pressure

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26
Q

What are the parts of a vertebra and function?

A

Vertebral body- (weight support, flexible joints between) vertebral (neural) arch- (surrounding and protecting spinal cord) Articular process (additional joints) Transverse process (sites of muscle attachment) spinous process (sites of muscle attachment)

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27
Q

What does the vertebral arch include?

A

pedicle lamina (posterior)

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28
Q

Where is the intervertebral foramen?

A

between pedicles (nerves leave the spinal cord here)

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29
Q

What makes up a vertebral disc?

A

annulus fibrosis (fiber container) nucleus pulposis (gel inside)

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30
Q

What is the nuchal ligament?

A

ligament in the cervical region goes from spine all the way close to skin support and balance of the head site of attachment for neck muscles

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31
Q

What are the characteristics of the cervical vertebrae?

A

transverse foramen (vertebral arteries) bifid spine (nuchal ligament attachment) small body (less weight to support)

32
Q

What are the characteristics of the thoracic vertebrae?

A

costal articular facets (where ribs attach)

33
Q

What are the characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae?

A

large body (weight support)

34
Q

What cervical bone has a transverse foramen that the artery does not pass through?

A

C7

35
Q

What is C1 called and what makes it unique?

A

atlas atlantooccipital joint (meets the occipital bone) no body anterior and posterior arches transverse ligament hold C1 and C2 together

36
Q

What is C2 called and what makes it unique?

A

axis dens (odontoid process [body of c1 that got stuck])

37
Q

What is the yes joint?

A

atlantooccipital joint

38
Q

what is the no joint

A

atlantoaxial joints

39
Q

Identify the srtructure in green

A

basicranium

40
Q

Identify the yellow structure

A

neurocranium

41
Q

Identify the bone with the star

A

frontal bone

42
Q

Identify the structure with the star

A

supra-orbital notch foramen

43
Q

ID the structure with the star

A

nasal bone

44
Q

ID the structure

A

zygomatic bone

45
Q

ID the structure (star is meant to be on the hole)

A

infra orbital foramen

46
Q

ID the structure

A

mandible

47
Q

ID the structure (star is meant to be on the hole)

A

mental foramen

48
Q

ID the structure

A

maxilla

49
Q

ID the structure

A

inferior nasal concha

50
Q

Id the structure

A

temporal bone

51
Q

ID the structure

A

parietal bone

52
Q

ID the structure

A

occipital bone

53
Q

ID the structure

A

lacrimal bone

54
Q

ID the structure

A

greater wing (of sphenoid bone)

55
Q

ID the structure

A

vomer

56
Q

ID the structure

A

palatine bone

57
Q

Identify the foramen, bone, and cranial nerve (s) that exits here

A

foramen rotundum

sphenoid bone

maxillary nerve (V2)

58
Q

ID the foramen, bone, and the cranial nerve(s) that exits here

A

foramen ovale;

sphenoid bone

mandibular nerve (V3)

59
Q

ID the foramen and what exits this structure

A

foramen magnum

spinal cord exits here

60
Q

ID the foramen, bone, and the cranial nerve(s) that exits here

A

internal acoustic meatus;

temporal bone

facial (VII) and vestibulocochlear (VIII)

61
Q

ID the foramen, bone, and the cranial nerve(s) that exit here

A

jugular foramen ;

between temporal and occipital bone

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Vagus (X)

Accessory (XI)

62
Q

Only bone that is not part of ethmoid bone?

A

inferior concha

63
Q

separates left and right halves of the nasal cavity

A

nasal septum

64
Q

The vertebral column consists of ___ bones

A

33

65
Q

ID the type of vertebrae

A

cervical vertebrae

66
Q

ID the vertebrae

A

C1 (atlas)

67
Q

ID the veretebrae

A

C2 axis

68
Q

What space is accessed during spinal anesthesia?

A

subarachnoid space/lumbar cistern

69
Q

What meningeal layer of the spinal cord thickens to form the denticulate ligament?

A

pia mater

70
Q

Which layer of the spinal cord meninges is continuous with the epineurium?

A

dura mater

71
Q

vertebral bodies indirectly articulate with each other via the ___

A

intervertebral discs

72
Q

thick and prevents hyperextension of vertebral column

A

anterior longitundinal ligament

73
Q

weak and prevents hyperflexion

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

74
Q

extends between transverse processes

A

intertransverse ligament

75
Q

attaches between spinous processes of adjacent vertebra

A

interspinous ligament

76
Q

attach to tips of the spinous process of adjacent vertebra

A

supraspinous ligament

Anatomy for AAs (9 decks)

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