Lecture 3

Question 1

Anionic emulsifier uses

Answer 1

soaps, detergents

Question 2

Cationic emulsifier uses

Answer 2

amines, quaternary ammonium compounds

Question 3

Nonionic emulsifier uses

Answer 3

ethoxylates, polyglyceryl esters, acylglucosides

Question 4

Amphoteric emulsifier uses

Answer 4

betaines

Question 5

A surfactant becomes more hydrophobic when it has

Answer 5

Longer hydrocarbon tail, more tails, or a smaller nonionic headgroup

Question 6

A surfactant becomes more hydrophilic when it

Answer 6

is ionic, has more nonionic headgroup units, has a shorter tail

Question 7

HLB

Answer 7

A measure of how hydrophilic a surfactant is, 1 (most hydrophobic) - 20 (most hydrophilic)

Question 8

HLB of 1-3

Answer 8

defoamer

Question 9

HLB of 3-7

Answer 9

W/O emulsifier

Question 10

HLB of 7-9

Answer 10

wetting agent

Question 11

HLB of 8+

Answer 11

O/W emulsifier

Question 12

HLB of 12+

Answer 12

detergent, solubilizer

Question 13

What kind of surfactant was HLB designed for?

Answer 13

Nonionic

Question 14

HLB theory does not take into account…

Answer 14

Electrical double layer of ionics, temperature effects of nonionics, fatty alcohols, concentration of emulsifier, or phase volume.