Lecture 3/4 - Pulmonary Flashcards
Test 2
T/F: your FRC will always decrease when going in the supine position
F
There is a bars standard deviation of +/- 1L which overlaps with the upright position. Meaning that FRC doesn’t always decrease when going into the supine position.
but does always decrease in the actual supine position
Just not when doing the motion to go into supine
Your FRC _______ when sitting
decreases
What is spirometer?
An instrument that measures how long volumes changes during breathing
Spirometry is incapable of measuring anything with the component of ____. What does this include? Why
RV
Includes: TLC
FRC
This is because we can’t get that air out of lungs so the spirometer can’t measure it
IRV is _____ than ERV
larger
VC =
IRV + ERV + VT
What advanced spirometer good for measuring?
Lung volumes/capacities that INCLUDE components of RV
-TLC & FRC
What is needed for advanced spirometry?
Inert gas
Gas meter
CO2 scavanger
O2 source
Why do we use inert gases for advance spirometry?
will not react wth anything in the lungs
Most common Indicator gas for advance spirometry is _____
Helium (He)
O2 is fed in at ________ rate that CO2 is scavanged in advance spirometry
the same
How are we able to find FRC from advance spirometry?
We know starting volume/concentration of He –> He goes into lungs during breathing –> He concentration diluted with air and lungs –> can figure out volume in pts lungs by figuring out what the end concentration is in the lungs with the gas meter.
FRC (V2) =
((V1 x (C1 - C2)) / C2
This is when not given spirometer volume
FRC =
((C1 - V1) / C2) - V2
This is when given spirometer volume
what group is your inert gases? What are they used in? What is this called? List them all.
Group 18
Advanced spirometry
Noble gases
Helium (He)
Neon (Ne)
Argon (Ar)
Krypton (Kr)
Xenon (Xe)
Radon (Rn)
Ununoctium (Uuo)
Which gas that’s found in the ground in basements is the 2nd leading cause of lung cancer?
Radon (Rn)
Increase PTP = ________ lung volume
increase
What is normal vital capacity?
4.5 L
If vital capacity deceases from normal (4.5 L), what type of lung disease is this? Increases?
Restrictive lung disease
Obstructive lung disease
What is an example of restrictive lung disease?
Fibrosis
What is an example of obstructive lung disease?
Emphysema
COPD
Bronchitis
Emphysema is a loss of ________. The lungs are _____ to stretch and _____ to fill.
Elastic tissue
Easier
Easier.
In emphysema the lungs are _______ compliant. Why?
More compliant
Easier to fill with air bc lungs/alveoli have low resistance dt loss of elastic tissue
In emphysema the lungs are ______ to get air out of. Why?
hard
Loss of elastic tissue = loss of recoil to push air out