lecture 3 Flashcards
adjuvant
immunological agent that enhances immune response to vaccine
what is a killed/inactive vaccine and what is an example
killed antigen used, immunity is not as strong, cannot cause disease, ex. rabies
what is a modified live (MLV) vaccine and what are some examples
weakened form of antigen used, creates strong immunity, can cause mild disease, ex. DAPP, FVRCP
what is a recombinant vaccine and what are some examples
genes coding for antigens spliced and replicated into another virus, helps prevent chronic inflammation in cats since it is adjuvant free, ex. Purevax vaccines (feline rabies, FeLV)
what is toxoid vaccine and what is an example
toxin made by disease causing germ used, creates immunity to toxin rather than whole germ, ex. rattlesnake vaccine
core vaccines in dogs
parvo, distemper, adenovirus/hepatitis, rabies
core vaccines in cats
herpes, calcivirus, panleukopenia, rabies
non core vaccines in dogs
lepto, rattlesnake, lyme, influenza, bordetella
non core vaccines in cats
leukemia, chlamydia, bordetella, FIP
mild vaccine reaction examples
sluggish/lethargic, acting abnormal but no visible signs of distress
severe vaccine reaction examples
facial swelling, vomiting, hives, difficulty breathing or walking
symptoms of parvo
loss of appetite, vomiting, bloody diarrhea
transmission of parvo
dog to dog contact with contaminated feces, contact with environment (parvo can live for several weeks to 7 months)
treatment for parvo
supportive care, fluids, GI antibiotics + probiotics
feline panleukopenia symptoms
sudden death, fever, depression, diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, fading kitten syndrome
transmission of feline panleukopenia
aerosolized secretions and feces
symptoms of rabies
atypical behavior, facial twitching, excessive salivation, paralysis starting in hind legst
transmission of rabies
saliva via bite wound
equine core vaccines
EEE, WEE, rabies, tetanus, west nile virus
equine risk based vaccines
equine herpesvirus, influenza, strangles*, potomac horse fever, rotavirus diarrhea, snake bite, klepto, anthrax, botulism
transmission of equine herpesvirus
respiratory route, contact with nasal secretions, contact with aborted fetuses/placenta/fetal fluids
symptoms of equine herpesvirus
outbreak of abortion, birth of weak nonviable foals, sporadic neurologic disease
symptoms of strangles
fever, dysphagia, anorexia, stridor, lymphadenopathy, abscessation, mucopurulent nasal discharge
how is strangles vaccine given and why is it given last
IN, possibility of vaccine being introduced into skin through another vaccine if not given last
difference between 7 and 8 way clostridial vaccine for cows
8 way includes tetanus - clostridium tetani
viruses included in BRDC
IBR, BVD, PI-3, BRSV
major food animal species are
cattle, poultry, swine
drug withdrawal time
time that it takes for medication to be processed/eliminated from system
if straying from label’s administration instructions, withdrawal time cannot be relied on and you should instead check where
FARAD - recommend new withdrawal time based on information about animal
what is EDLU
extra label drug use, given to animals that have been treated differently than label
why should vaccines be given SQ for production animals
most consideration to meat quality, IM can damage muscle
ideal injection site in neck for horses is
triangle - top border = nuchal ligament, back border = scapula, abdominal/side border = cervical spine
