Lecture 3 Flashcards
Its output is high if all inputs are high. For other input, the output is low.
AND
Its output is high if one or more inputs are high.
OR
The process of converting an ac signal into a dc signal
Rectification
It is used in power supplies to convert ac voltages to dc voltages.
Rectifiers
Types of rectification
Half-wave rectification & Full-wave rectification
It changes ac voltages based on the turns ratio between the primary and secondary.
Transformer
It eliminates the fluctuations in the rectified voltage and produces a relatively smooth dc voltage.
Filter
A circuit that maintains a constant dc voltage for variations in the input line voltage or in the load.
Regulator
Simplest rectifier circuit
Half wave rectifier
It is the voltage rating that must not be exceeded in the reverse-bias region or the diode will enter the Zener avalanche
region.
Peak inverse voltage (PIV) [or PRV
(peak reverse voltage)]
It produces an output voltage during one-half (180 degrees) of the input ac signal.
Half wave rectifier
Produces an output voltage during the entire cycle (360 degrees) of the input ac signal which means it uses both cycle of the input signal for its output.
Full wave rectifier
It has the ability to “clip” off a portion of the input signal without
distorting the remaining part of the alternating waveform.
Clippers
There are two general categories of clippers
series and parallel
It is defined as one where the diode is in series with the load
Series clippers
It has the diode in a branch parallel to the load.
Parallel clipper
It is a network constructed of a diode, a resistor, and a capacitor that shifts a waveform to a different dc level without changing the appearance of the applied signal.
Clamper
In clampers, as the capacitor
voltage increases the charging current ____
decreases
It is employed to maintain a relatively low transformer peak voltage while stepping up the peak output voltage to two, three, four, or more times the peak rectified voltage.
Voltage-multiplier circuits
Voltage multiplier circuits are typically made up of ___
diodes and capacitors
Operates on reversed biased condition, maintain its voltage when the breakdown is reached
Zener Diodes
Used in high frequency range
due to its quick response time and lower noise figure
Schottky Diode (Hot carrier diode)
Light sensitive diode that narrows the depletion region when there is a presence of light
Photo diode
Give off visible light when it is
properly biased
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
It is a diode that always operates in reverse bias and is doped to maximize the inherent capacitance of the depletion region.
Varactor
A large exposed surface area on one layer of the semiconductive material permits the photons to be emitted as visible light.
Electroluminescence
The term laser stands for
light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
A device that operates in reverse bias where I(lambda) is the reverse light current
Photodiode
also known as a photovoltaic cell,
is a type of semiconductor device that converts light into electrical energy.
Solar cell
High-current diodes used primarily in high-frequency and fast-switching applications. They are also known as hot-carrier diodes.
Schottky diodes
It consists of heavily doped p and n regions separated by an intrinsic (i) region.
PIN diode
