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ECE > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Made of a semiconductive material.

A

Diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits (IC)

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2
Q

Formed when two different types of semiconductive material are joined.

A

PN junction

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3
Q

The science that deals with the development and application of devices and systems involving the flow of electrons in vacuum, in gaseous media, plasma and in semiconductors.

A

RA 5734, Sec. 21 C

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3
Q

The science dealing with the development and application of devices and systems involving the flow of electrons or other carriers of electric charge, in a vacuum, in gaseous media, in plasma, in semiconductors, in solid-state and/or in similar devices, including, but not limited to, applications involving optical, electromagnetic and other energy forms when transduced or converted into electronic signals.

A

RA 9292, Sec. 3 H

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4
Q

Introduced by Thomas Edison and John Ambrose Fleming in 1904.

A

Two-electrode vacuum tube

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5
Q

Inventor of the first practical incandescent light bulb.

A

Thomas Alva Edison

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6
Q

Commercial TV began

A

1946

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7
Q

First vacuum tube computer was built at the University of Pennsylvania.

A

1943

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8
Q

Introduction of point-contact transistor by Walter H. Brattain and John Bardeen at Bell Telephone Laboratories.

A

December 23, 1947

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9
Q

Complex combination of several kinds of devices on a common base, called substrate. Invented by Jack Kilby of Texas instruments.

A

Integrated Circuits

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10
Q

This includes AM and FM radio, television, and satellite communication.

A

Communication Electronics

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11
Q

Electronics play an important role in the control and monitoring of electrical systems as in power plants, refineries, etc.

A

Electric Power

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12
Q

The circuits for digital applications operate with pulse of voltage or current.

A

Digital Electronics

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13
Q

Applied to cars for changing battery, measuring gauges and monitoring of engine performances.

A

Automotive Electronics

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14
Q

Includes control of heating and welding processes, the use of elevator’s control, operating of copying machines, automatic door openers and burglar alarms.

A

Industrial Electronics

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15
Q

Combines electronics with biology, medical research, diagnosis and treatment, all use electronic equipment.

A

Medical Electronics

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16
Q

Smallest particle of an element that possesses the unique
characteristics of that element.

A

Atom

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17
Q

All matter is composed of?

A

Atoms

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18
Q

All atoms consist of electrons,
protons, and neutrons except?

A

Normal hydrogen

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19
Q

He proposed that the electrons in an atom circle the nucleus in
different obits, similar to the way planets orbit the sun in our solar
system.

A

Niels Bohr

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20
Q

The Bohr model is often referred to as the?

A

Planetary model

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20
Q

According to this model, atoms have a planetary type of structure that consists of a central
nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons.

A

Bohr model

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21
Q

The nucleus consists of positively charged particles called

A

Protons

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22
Q

The nucleus consists of uncharged particles called

A

Neutrons

23
Q

The basic particles of negative charge

A

Electrons

24
Q

The number of protons in the nucleus, which is the same as the number of electrons in an electrically balanced (neutral) atom.

A

Atomic number

25
Q

Electrons near the nucleus have ___ energy than those in more distant orbits.

A

Less

26
Q

In an atom, the orbits are grouped into energy levels known as ___

A

Shells

27
Q

The maximum number of electrons in each shell

A

2n^2

28
Q

The outermost shell of the atom is known as

A

Valence Shell

29
Q

Electrons in the valence shell

A

Valence electrons

30
Q

They are electrons dislodged from the outer shell of an atom.

A

Free Electrons

31
Q

Materials capable of having many free electrons and which could carry electric current are called

A

Conductors

32
Q

Materials capable of having very few free electrons are called

A

Insulators

33
Q

Materials capable of having not so many free electrons

A

Semiconductors

34
Q

Based on shared electron pairs
of nonmetals.

A

Atomic bond

35
Q

Electric charges do not flow freely in this material

A

Insulators

36
Q

Materials that permit electrons to flow freely from particle to particle

A

Conductors

37
Q

In any metal element, it contains less than __ electrons in its outer shell

A

4

38
Q

Solids whose conductivity lies between the conductivity of conductors and insulators.

A

Semiconductor

39
Q

2 classification of semiconductor materials

A

Single crystal and compound

40
Q

A semiconductor material that has a repetitive crystal structure

A

Single crystal

41
Q

A semiconductor materials that is constructed of two or more semiconductor materials of different atomic structures

A

Compound

42
Q

The difference in energy between the valence band and the conduction band is called

A

Energy gap or band gap

43
Q

The bonding of atoms, strengthened by the sharing of electrons

A

Covalent bond

44
Q

The atoms align to form a pattern

A

Crystal

45
Q

The outermost shell contains not more than __ electrons.

A

8

46
Q

Free electrons are also called

A

Conduction electrons

47
Q

A semiconductor material that has been carefully refined to reduce the number of impurities to a very low level

A

Intrinsic semiconductor

48
Q

The free electrons in a material due to external causes are referred to as ___

A

Intrinsic carriers

49
Q

Ability of the free carriers to move throughout the material

A

Relative mobility

50
Q

It has positive temperature coefficient.

A

Conductor

51
Q

A process of adding impurities to pure semiconductor material to provide positive and negative charges.

A

Doping

52
Q

It is added to increase the number of conduction-band electrons in intrinsic silicon

A

Pentavalent impurity atoms

53
Q

Diffused impurities with five valence electrons

A

Donor atoms

54
Q

It is added to increase the number of holes in intrinsic silicon

A

Trivalent impurity atoms

55
Q

Hole current flows only in ___ semiconductors

A

P-type

55
Q

The current in n-type semiconductors and all wire conductors.

A

Electron flow

56
Q

It is a stable charge in the nucleus that is not free to move.

A

Proton

ECE (13 decks)

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