Lecture 25: Applying IMF Flashcards
? intermolecular forces dissolve easier in water
weaker
which salt is going to be more hydrated in an aqueous solution
the smaller ion with larger charge
Cohesive forces stronger than adhesive forces
reduced height of the liquid
adhesive forces stronger than cohesive forces
increased height of the liquid
? atom = higher IM forces
bigger
does # of H bonds matter
yes, more bonds = stronger
Solute
component present in smaller # of moles (salt)
Solvent
component present in larger # of moles (Water)
Solvation
solvent pulls solute particles apart and surrounds or solvates them
steps of solvation
-break solute-solute interactions
-break solvent-solvent interactions
-form solvent-solute interactions
Solubility
max quantity of a substance that can dissolve in a given volume of solution
solubility is dependent on
strength of solvent-solute interactions over solvent-solvent and solute-solute
Miscible
soluble infinitely
Immiscible
not soluble at all
Hyrophilic is
polar
hydrophobic is
nonpolar
if there are ? carbons, non-polar wins for dissolving
6
surface tension
energy needed to separate molecules at the surface of a liquid
Adhesion
interactions between unlike particles (against wall)
Cohesive
interactions between like particles (away from wall)
meniscus
curve at the surface of a liquid
Capillary Action
when liquid flows up a narrow tube against the force of gravity (uses adhesion and cohesion)
Viscosity
resistance to flow
Volatility
tendency of a substance to vaporize (into gas)
Vapor pressure
pressure exerted by the vapor over the liquid in a closed container when in dynamic equilibrium
