exam 1 Flashcards
Chemistry is
the study of the COMPOSITION, STRUCTURE, and PROPERTIES of matter and its CHANGES
Hard sphere model
john dalton, atoms like pool balls with hooks
Cathode Ray Tube
JJ Thompson, discovered electrons
oil drop experiment
harvey fletcher, measured electron charge and size
Gold foil experiment
Ernest Rutherford, particles bounced off nucleus, discovered nucleus
Plum pudding model
JJ thompson, electrons distributed through atom
n
principle quantum number
L (special L)
angular momentum quantum number
ml (m subscript L)
magnetic quantum number
principle quantum number determines
size and energy of an orbital (shell)
angular momentum number describes
shape of an orbital (subshell)
magnetic quantum number describes
orientation of an orbital
total nodes in orbital
(n-1)
planar nodes
L (special L)
radial nodes
(n-1)-L
Pauli Exclusion Principle
only 2
electrons can be placed in each
orbital
Aufbau (‘to build”) Principle
electrons are placed in lowest energy orbitals first (lowest n + l )
Hund’s Rule
BUS RULE electrons fill all degenerate orbitals singly (and with same spin) before pairing up (it costs energy to put two electrons in the same orbital because they repel each other)
diamagnetic field?
Weakly repelled by a magnetic field
paramagnetic field?
Attracted by a magnetic field
