Lecture 25

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

occurs within a species; traits are directly transmitted from parents to offspring

Question 2

bloodlines

Answer 2

old belief that traits were carried within the blood

Question 3

Gregor Mendel

Answer 3

father of modern genetics; abbott in 1800s Vienna; used science to address questions about heredity

Question 4

Garden pea

Answer 4

pisum sativum; model organism in Mendel’s experiments; chose it because: used in previous studies, had great variety within species, small and fast to grow, self-fertilizing

Question 5

Garden pea traits

Answer 5

flower color (white/purple)
seed color (yellow/green)
seed texture (wrinkled/round)
pod color (green/yellow)
pod shape (inflated/constricted)
flower position (axial/terminal)
plant height (tall/short)

Question 6

self fertilizing

Answer 6

when the gametes of same organism can produce viable offspring

Question 7

true breeding

Answer 7

the offspring produced from self-fertilization produce offspring of one phenotype

Question 8

reciprocal cross

Answer 8

crossing 2 different true-breeding varieties

Question 9

hybrid offspring

Answer 9

offspring produced from reciprocal crosses

Question 10

monohybrid cross

Answer 10

crossing of two individuals with different alleles at one genetic point of interest

Question 11

allele

Answer 11

one form of a gene