Lecture 24C Flashcards

1
Q

genera are

A

groups

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2
Q

bipedalism results in

A

many coordinated changes in anatomy

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3
Q

homo sapiens appears first in

A

northeastern africa 195000 year ago

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4
Q

homo neanderthals

A

europe middle east

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5
Q

homo erectus

A

asia

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6
Q

homo sapiens evolved how many years ago?

A

200,000 years ago

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7
Q

is most human variation polygenic or discrete

A

polygenic

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8
Q

is skin color discrete or complex

A

complex(polygenic)

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9
Q

Active TB

A

Contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs

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10
Q

anopheles mosquitos

A

Mosquito that can transmit the parasite responsible from malaria

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11
Q

antibiotic resistance

A

when bacteria evolve to withstand the affects of antibiotics, making medication’s less effective in treating infections

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12
Q

conjungation

A

process in bacteria, where genetic material is transferred between two cells, enhancing their abilities and characteristics

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13
Q

directional natural selection

A

where a trait becomes more common in a population, because it provides a selective advantage

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14
Q

horizontal gene transfer

A

Exchange of genetic material between different organisms (often bacteria)

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15
Q

Latent TB

A

where a person is infected with TB bacteria, but does not show symptoms of(bacteria is inactive)

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16
Q

Malaria

A

caused by plasmodium parasite transmitted to through mosquito bites

17
Q

mycobacterium TB

A

Bacterial responsible for causing tuberculosis in humans

18
Q

plasmid

A

small circular piece of DNA found in bacteria, carry extra genes that provide advantages such as antibiotic resistance

19
Q

plasmodium

A

Genus of parasitic protozoa that causes malaria in humans

20
Q

protist

A

diverse group of microscopic organisms that don’t fit into the other categories. Including some that can cause diseases

21
Q

rifampin

A

Antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, including tuberculosis

22
Q

Rna polymerase

A

Enzyme that helps make RNA by reading instructions from DNA

23
Q

transcription

A

Process where genetic information in DNA is used to create a messenger molecule called RNA

24
Q

Transduction

A

method of horizontal gene transfer viruses help carry genes from one bacterium to another

25
Transformation
Process in which bacteria picks up new pieces of genetic material from the environment
26
tuberculosis
bacterial infection that often affects the lungs