lecture 20B main part

Question 1

selective pressures act in
individual ..

Answer 1

organisms, but populations evolve

Question 2

fitness is

Answer 2

number of surviving fertile offspring an individual species

Question 3

relative fitness is calculated by

Answer 3

offspring of genotype 1/
offspring of most fit genotype

Question 4

natural selection occurs fast enough that we can often..

Answer 4

observe rapid phenotypic and genotypic change in population

Question 5

what type of election is acting to drudge the leaned allele toward fixation in black lava habitats?

Answer 5

positive selection

Question 6

positive selection

Answer 6

increases frequency of beneficial allele

Question 7

negative selection

Answer 7

decreases frequency of a deleterious allele

Question 8

Between positive and negative selection, which occurs most commonly in the wild when a new mutation arises

Answer 8

negative selection

Question 9

In your own words try to explain what you think it means if a dark mouse living on dark lava has a 10% competitive advantage?

Answer 9

the relative fitness of the tan mouse phenotype will be 10% less than the relative fitness of the dark mouse phenotype

Question 10

theee things that influence the timescale(speed) of evolution, by natural selection

Answer 10

generation time of organism

strength of selection

starting frequency of selected allele

Question 11

MC1R controls pigment synthesis in what

Answer 11

all vertebrates

eg: dog fish humans

Question 12

balancing selection can result from

Answer 12

heterozygote advantage (heterozygote has higher fitness)