Lecture 24: Abdominal Cavity II

Question 1

Where is the spleen located?

Answer 1

• Lies against diaphragm in left hypochondriac region

* Along the long axis of ribs 9-11

Question 2

What is the vascular supply to the spleen?

Answer 2

splenic artery via 4 branches: superior polar, superior middle, inferior, middle, inferior polar

Question 3

what are the impressions of the spleen?

Answer 3

stomach
large intestine
kidney

Question 4

What are the four parts of the pancreas?

Answer 4

head
neck
body
tail

Question 5

What are the exocrine functions of the pancreas?

Answer 5

produces pancreatic juice, aids in digestion: digestive enzymes, bicarbonate ions

Question 6

What are the endocrine functions of the pancreas?

Answer 6

produces hormones: insulin, glucagon

Question 7

where is the location of the pancreas

Answer 7

Epigastric and left hypochondriac regions

Question 8

What is the blood supply of the pancreas

Answer 8

• Branches of splenic artery

* Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

Question 9

Where does the head of the pancreas lie?

Answer 9

in curvature of duodenum, anterior to inferior vena cava

Question 10

The head of the pancreas is transversed by what?

Answer 10

common bile duct

Question 11

The neck of the pancreas is constricted where crossed posteriorly by _______

Answer 11

superior mesenteric artery

Question 12

Where does the tail of the pancreas end?

Answer 12

hilus of spleen

Question 13

Describe the anterior body of the pancreas

Answer 13

covered by peritoneum

lies in floor of omental bursa

Question 14

Describe the posterior surface of the body of the pancreas

Answer 14

devoid of peritoneum

contacts: aorta, superior mesenteric artery, left kidney, left suprarenal gland

Question 15

How does the main pancreatic duct travel?

Answer 15

• begins in tail of pancreas
• runs through pancreatic parenchyma
• exits gland at head
• turns inferiorly and meets bile duct

Question 16

What is the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

Answer 16

junction of main pancreatic duct and common bile duct

Question 17

Where does the hepatopancreatic ampulla empty?

Answer 17

into duodenum via major duodenal papilla

Question 18

What does the accessory pancreatic duct do?

Answer 18

drains uncinate process and inferior head of pancreas

Question 19

Where does the accessory pancreatic duct empty?

Answer 19

into duodenum via minor duodenal papilla

Question 20

What does the major duodenal papilla empty?

Answer 20

hepatopancreatic ampulla into duodenum

Question 21

What does the mono duodenal papilla empty?

Answer 21

accessory pancreatic duct into duodenum

Question 22

The horizontal part of the duodenum travels to the ____

Answer 22

left

Question 23

The ascending part of the duodenum meets with ___ at _____ junction

Answer 23

jejunum and duodenojejunal

Question 24

What is the blood supply to the duodenum?

Answer 24

• Gastroduodenal artery via
smaller named arteries
• Superior mesenteric artery via smaller named arteries

Question 25

How long is the jejunum and ilium?

Answer 25

20 feet in length

Question 26

How is the jejunum different than the ileum?

Answer 26

deeper red, thicker walled, shorter than ilium

Question 27

What is the arterial supply to the jejunum and ileum?

Answer 27

superior mesenteric artery

Question 28

What is the venous drainage of the jejunum and the ileum?

Answer 28

superior mesenteric vein

Question 29

What are characteristics of the colon?

Answer 29

tenia coli haustra epiploic appendages

Question 30

What is McBurney's point?

Answer 30

point you press for appendicitis. 2/3 distance from umbilicus to ASIS

Question 31

Where does the ascending colon travel?

Answer 31

from cecum to right colic flexure

Question 32

where does the transverse colon travel?

Answer 32

from right colic flexure to left colic flexure

Question 33

Where does the descending colon travel?

Answer 33

from left colic flexure to pelvic brim

Question 34

What is the arterial supply to the transverse colon?

Answer 34

middle colic artery from superior mesenteric artery

Question 35

What is the arterial present for the descending colon?

Answer 35

branch from inferior mesenteric artery

Question 36

What is the arterial supply for the sigmoid colon?

Answer 36

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 37

Describe the internal anal sphincter

Answer 37

* Thick ring of circular smooth muscle | * Surrounds upper part of anal canal

Question 38

How is the internal anal sphincter controlled reflexively and involuntarily by ANS

Answer 38

* Parasympathetic system promotes relaxation | * Sympathetic system promotes contraction

Question 39

Describe the external anal sphincter

Answer 39

* Three rings of skeletal muscle * Extends entire length of anal canal. * Controlled voluntarily via branches of pudendal nerve

Question 40

What are anal columns

Answer 40

5-10 longitudinal folds of mucosa in upper half of canal

Question 41

What is the pectinate line

Answer 41

- marks junction between endoderm portion of anal canal and ectoderm portion of anal canal - marks division between visceral and somatic: arterial, venous, lymphatic, nerve supply